Patrick Nunn

This eclectic group of papers was created to raise awareness and broaden understanding across sectors globally of the sustainability issues affecting the Oceania region. Here we come together to showcase ecosystem service approaches applied to address a range of these issues. Oceania is the most remote and smallest by size and population (41 million) of all global subregions. The UN recognizes 23 island nations and territories in Oceania. The livelihoods, food security, cultural wellbeing and economic dependencies of its people are entwined with land and sea (of which 98% is ocean). Oceania has the most diverse range of indigenous cultures, whilst Christianity is integrated into many local customs. Only 2 countries are highly developed, so small scale businesses (e.g. fisheries, farming, forestry) are prominent. In Oceania climate change is the pressing issue. Changes in temperature and rainfall bring droughts and bushfires to some areas and more rainfall with flooding to others. Sea level rise is contaminating fresh water, salinating agricultural areas and flooding islands force communities to leave their country's and homes. Population growth is outstripping the ability of land and fisheries to support subsistence lifestyles; increased urban migration challenges planning; invasive species threaten food security and native species; and coastal communities are vulnerable to extreme weather events. The issues affecting Oceania are urgent! Addressing them requires dialogue and action from all sectors (community, government, business, academia, NGOs) operating at different scales within and outside of Oceania. Much can be learned from other regions (e.g. Asia Pacific), but activities focused on Oceania will strengthen interventions that better target and deliver programs that address key priorities including sustainable development in the region. Discover how ecosystem service approaches can address Oceania's sustainability issues by reading this Special Issue.