Dr. Gerald K Ijemaru

Recent advancements in technological research have seen the use of mobile data collectors (MDCs) or data MULEs for wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. In the context of smart city (SC) waste management scenarios, vehicular networks or the internet of Vehicles (IoV) can be exploited as MDCs or data MULEs for data collection and transmission purposes from the sparsely distributed smart sensors that are attached to the smart bins to an access point or sink node and further deployed for waste management operations. A major challenge with the traditional methods of data collection using static sink nodes is the high energy consumption of the sensor-nodes. The use of MDCs has been well studied and shown to be energy efficient. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this scheme has not been exploited for waste management operations in a SC. Compared to the centralized schemes, the data MULE scheme presents several advantages for data collection in WSN applications. This chapter proposes an energy-efficient model for opportunistic data collection in IoV-enabled SC waste management operations

This chapter presents the basic approach of microwave bandpass filter design for 5G network applications. The chapter serves as a reference source to microwave stakeholders with little or no filter design experience. It should help them to design and implement their first filter device using microstrip technology. A three-pole Chebyshev bandpass filter with centre frequency of 2.6 GHz, fractional bandwidth of 3%, passband ripple of 0.04321 dB, and return loss of 20 dB has been designed. The designed filter implementation is based on the Rogers RT/Duroid 6010LM substrate with a 10.7 dielectric constant and 1.27 mm thickness. The circuit model and microstrip layout results of the BPF are presented and show good agreement. The microstrip layout simulation results show that a less than 1.8 dB minimum insertion loss and a greater than 25 dB in-band return loss were achieved. The overall device size of the BPF is 18.0 mm by 10.7 mm, which is equivalent to 0.16λg x 0.09λg, where λg is the guided wavelength of the 50 Ohm microstrip line at the filter centre frequency.