y-QUIT: Smoking Prevalence, Engagement, and Effectiveness of an Individualized Smoking Cessation Intervention in Youth With Severe Mental Illness

Jackie Curtis; Charry Zhang; Bernadette McGuigan; Esther Pavel-Wood; Rachel Morell; Philip B Ward; Andrew Watkins; Julia Lappin

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00683

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y-QUIT: Smoking Prevalence, Engagement, and Effectiveness of an Individualized Smoking Cessation Intervention in Youth With Severe Mental Illness

Journal article

Open access

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y-QUIT: Smoking Prevalence, Engagement, and Effectiveness of an Individualized Smoking Cessation Intervention in Youth With Severe Mental Illness

Jackie Curtis, Charry Zhang, Bernadette McGuigan, Esther Pavel-Wood, Rachel Morell, Philip B Ward, Andrew Watkins and Julia Lappin

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol.9, pp.1-8

2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00683

PMID: 30618864

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Abstract

Tobacco

first episode psychosis

at-risk for psychosis

smoking

adolescent

intervention

Psychiatry

youth

psychosis

Introduction: Young people with psychosis are six times more likely to be tobacco smokers than their gender- and age-matched peers. Smoking is a major contributor to the 15-year reduced life expectancy among people experiencing severe mental illness (SMI). There is a lack of evidence-supported interventions for smoking cessation among young people with SMI. Material and Methods: The study comprised two phases and aimed to assess (i) the prevalence of smoking among a community sample of young people with psychotic illness or at high risk of developing psychosis; (ii) the proportion who engaged in the intervention; (iii) the proportion who achieved smoking cessation; and (iv) secondary smoking-related outcomes. In phase one, prevalence of smoking was assessed among young people with psychotic illness or at high risk of developing psychosis attending a community-based youth mental health service between 16/5/2017 and 16/11/2017. In phase two, over a 1-year period, individuals identified as smokers were invited to participate in a 12-week tailored smoking cessation intervention program that included pharmacological treatment, motivational interviewing, and behavioral change techniques. Those unwilling to participate in a full intervention were offered a brief intervention. Participants of the full intervention were assessed at baseline and at week 12 endpoint on: daily cigarettes smoked (self-report), exhaled CO, nicotine dependence, readiness to quit, and confidence to quit. Results: In phase one, smoking prevalence was 48.2% (53 of 110) among clients of the youth mental health service. Smokers were significantly more likely to be male ( X 2 = 6.41 p = 0.009). During phase two, 41 of 61 eligible clients engaged in a smoking cessation intervention (67.2%). Effectiveness: twenty-one clients participated in a full intervention (34.4%), of whom three (14.3%) received a brief intervention initially and during engagement converted to full intervention. Twenty participants (32.8%) received a brief intervention only. Ten participants in the full intervention (47.6%) and five in the brief intervention (25%) dropped out. Six (28.6% of full intervention) reported smoking cessation verified by CO monitoring. Participants who completed the full intervention ( n = 9) reduced number of cigarettes smoked, nicotine dependence, and exhaled CO, while readiness to quit and confidence to quit increased. Pharmacotherapy was predominantly combination NRT ( n = 18; 85.7%), varenicline (4.8%), oral NRT only (4.8%), or none (4.8%). No adverse events were reported. Conclusion: This pilot real-world study demonstrates that both screening for smoking and offering an effective smoking cessation intervention are achievable in youth experiencing or at risk of psychosis.

Details

Title: y-QUIT: Smoking Prevalence, Engagement, and Effectiveness of an Individualized Smoking Cessation Intervention in Youth With Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Jackie Curtis (Author) - UNSW Australia
Charry Zhang (Author) - UNSW Australia
Bernadette McGuigan (Author) - South Eastern Sydney Local Health District
Esther Pavel-Wood (Author) - South Eastern Sydney Local Health District
Rachel Morell (Author) - UNSW Australia
Philip B Ward (Author) - UNSW Australia
Andrew Watkins (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
Julia Lappin (Author) - UNSW Australia
Publication details: Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol.9, pp.1-8
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A
Date published: 2018
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00683
ISSN: 1664-0640
PMID: 30618864
Copyright note: Copyright © 2018 Curtis, Zhang, McGuigan, Pavel-Wood, Morell, Ward, Watkins and Lappin. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Thompson Institute
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99472504402621
Output Type: Journal article

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