Journal article
When deer must die: Large uncertainty surrounds changes in deer abundance achieved by helicopter- and ground-based hunting in New Zealand forests
Wildlife Research, Vol.40(6), pp.447-458
2013
Abstract
Context When environmental, economic and/or social effects of wildlife are considered undesirable and need to be reduced, managers require knowledge of the effectiveness of candidate control techniques, particularly the relationship between control effort and change in abundance. Aims We evaluated the effects of control on the abundances of introduced red deer (Cervus elaphus scoticus) and sika deer (Cervus nippon) at three New Zealand forest sites (two North Island, one South Island) in an 8-year adaptive-management experiment. Methods We identified paired areas of 3600ha at each site that were as similar as possible in geology, physical environments and forest composition and applied deer control (helicopter- and/or ground-based hunting) to a randomly selected member of each pair. The abundances of deer were monitored in each treatment and non-treatment area for up to 7 years by using faecal pellet counts on 50 randomly located transects. Key results The difference between deer abundances in the treatment and non-treatment areas was significantly negative at one site, significantly positive at one site and indistinguishable at the other site. Faecal pellet abundances declined with increasing helicopter-based hunting effort but did not change with increasing ground-based hunting effort. There was evidence that aerially sown 1080 baits used for possum control in two treatment areas reduced deer abundances. Conclusions The substantial uncertainty surrounding the relationships between deer control effort and changes in deer abundance means that managers cannot assume that the environmental, economic and/or social problems caused by deer will be alleviated with the quantum of control effort applied in the present study. Implications Reducing the abundances of deer in forests may require substantially more control effort than is currently believed.
Details
- Title
- When deer must die: Large uncertainty surrounds changes in deer abundance achieved by helicopter- and ground-based hunting in New Zealand forests
- Authors
- D M Forsyth (Author) - Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental ResearchD S L Ramsey (Author) - Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental ResearchC J Veltman (Author) - Department of Conservation, New ZealandR B Allen (Author) - Learning for Sustainability, New ZealandW J Allen (Author) - Learning for Sustainability, New ZealandR J Barker (Author) - University of Otago, New ZealandChristine L Jacobson (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and EngineeringS J Nicol (Author) - Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental ResearchS J Richardson (Author) - Landcare Research, New ZealandC R Todd (Author) - Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research
- Publication details
- Wildlife Research, Vol.40(6), pp.447-458
- Publisher
- C S I R O Publishing
- Date published
- 2013
- DOI
- 10.1071/WR13016
- ISSN
- 1035-3712
- Organisation Unit
- Australian Centre for Pacific Islands Research; School of Social Sciences - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99448980802621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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