Journal article
Vitamin D intake needed to maintain target serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in participants with low sun exposure and dark skin pigmentation is substantially higher than current recommendations
Journal of Nutrition, Vol.140(3), pp.542-550
2010
Abstract
Cutaneous cholecalciferol synthesis has not been considered in making recommendations for vitamin D intake. Our objective was to model the effects of sun exposure, vitamin D intake, and skin reflectance (pigmentation) on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) in young adults with a wide range of skin reflectance and sun exposure. Four cohorts of participants (n = 72 total) were studied for 7-8 wk in the fall, winter, spring, and summer in Davis, CA [38.5° N, 121.7° W, Elev. 49 ft (15 m)]. Skin reflectance was measured using a spectrophotometer, vitamin D intake using food records, and sun exposure using polysulfone dosimeter badges. A multiple regression model (R2 = 0.55; P < 0.0001) was developed and used to predict the serum 25(OH)D concentration for participants with low [median for African ancestry (AA)] and high [median for European ancestry (EA)] skin reflectance and with low [20th percentile, ∼20 min/d, ∼18% body surface area (BSA) exposed] and high (80th percentile, ∼90 min/d, ∼35% BSA exposed) sun exposure, assuming an intake of 200 IU/d (5 ug/d). Predicted serum 25(OH)D concentrations for AA individuals with low and high sun exposure in the winter were 24 and 42 nmol/L and in the summer were 40 and 60 nmol/L. Corresponding values for EA individuals were 35 and 60 nmol/L in the winter and in the summer were 58 and 85 nmol/L. To achieve 25(OH)D ≥75 nmol/L, we estimate that EA individuals with high sun exposure need 1300 IU/d vitamin D intake in the winter and AA individuals with low sun exposure need 2100-3100 IU/d year-round. © 2010 American Society for Nutrition.
Details
- Title
- Vitamin D intake needed to maintain target serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in participants with low sun exposure and dark skin pigmentation is substantially higher than current recommendations
- Authors
- L M Hall (Author) - University of California, United StatesMichael G Kimlin (Author) - Queensland University of TechnologyP A Aronov (Author) - University of California, United StatesB D Hammock (Author) - University of California, United StatesJ R Slusser (Author) - Colorado State University, United StatesL R Woodhouse (Author) - USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, United StatesC B Stephensen (Author) - USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, United States
- Publication details
- Journal of Nutrition, Vol.140(3), pp.542-550
- Publisher
- American Society for Nutrition
- Date published
- 2010
- DOI
- 10.3945/jn.109.115253
- ISSN
- 0022-3166
- Organisation Unit
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health and Sport Sciences - Legacy
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99449256602621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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