Vertical dynamics and reproductive behaviour of farmed and wild Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Justin J Meager; J E Skjaeraasen; A Fernö; Ø Karlsen; S Lokkeborg; K Michalsen; S O Utskot

doi:10.3354/meps08156

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Vertical dynamics and reproductive behaviour of farmed and wild Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Vertical dynamics and reproductive behaviour of farmed and wild Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Justin J Meager, J E Skjaeraasen, A Fernö, Ø Karlsen, S Lokkeborg, K Michalsen and S O Utskot

Marine Ecology Progress Series, Vol.3879, pp.233-243

2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08156

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Abstract

Fisheries Sciences

Aquaculture

escaped

Gadus morhua

depth

mating behaviour

spawning

Rapid development of fish mariculture and efforts to restock depleted populations have raised concerns about the effects on wild populations and the risk of genetic introgression from hybridisation. Reproduction of many marine fish species involves substantial vertical movements, but nothing is known of the vertical dynamics of farmed fish in spawning shoals. We combined laboratory observations and field biotelemetry to examine the depth-related reproductive behaviour and vertical dynamics of individual farmed and wild Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (L). We first tested the prediction that the depth distributions of male and female wild cod differ both in the laboratory and in the field. We then tested the prediction that farmed cod have a shallower depth distribution than wild cod and thus lack the sex-based vertical dynamics of wild cod. In both the laboratory and field, male farmed and wild fish tended to be located deeper than females, and wild fish were deeper than farmed fish. In the field, wild males were near the seafloor, considerably deeper than wild females and farmed fish. Residency on the spawning ground was longer for wild fish, but a substantial proportion (61%) of farmed fish remained for more than 3 d. Our study reinforces the idea that vertical dynamics play a key role in reproduction of an important fisheries species, and demonstrates clear differences in vertical distribution between farmed and wild fish on a spawning ground. The results suggest that escaped farmed cod, and in particular, farmed females, are likely to hybridise with wild cod.

Details

Title: Vertical dynamics and reproductive behaviour of farmed and wild Atlantic cod Gadus morhua
Authors: Justin J Meager (Author) - University of Bergen, Norway
J E Skjaeraasen (Author) - University of Bergen, Norway
A Fernö (Author) - University of Bergen
Ø Karlsen (Author) - Austevoll Research Station, Norway
S Lokkeborg (Author) - Institute of Marine Research, Norway
K Michalsen (Author) - Institute of Marine Research, Norway
S O Utskot (Author) - Austevoll Research Station, Norway
Publication details: Marine Ecology Progress Series, Vol.3879, pp.233-243
Publisher: Inter-Research
Date published: 2009
DOI: 10.3354/meps08156
ISSN: 0171-8630
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99449754202621
Output Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography

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