Journal article
Under pressure: Climate change, upwelling and eastern boundary upwelling ecosystems
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol.2, 109
2015
Abstract
The IPCC AR5 provided an overview of the likely effects of climate change on Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS), stimulating increased interest in research examining the issue. We use these recent studies to develop a new synthesis describing climate change impacts on EBUS. We find that model and observational data suggest coastal upwelling-favorable winds in poleward portions of EBUS have intensified and will continue to do so in the future. Although evidence is weak in data that are presently available, future projections show that this pattern might be driven by changes in the positioning of the oceanic high-pressure systems rather than by deepening of the continental low-pressure systems, as previously proposed. There is low confidence regarding the future effects of climate change on coastal temperatures and biogeochemistry due to uncertainty in the countervailing responses to increasing upwelling and coastal warming, the latter of which could increase thermal stratification and render upwelling less effective in lifting nutrient-rich deep waters into the photic zone. Although predictions of ecosystem responses are uncertain, EBUS experience considerable natural variability and may be inherently resilient. However, multi-trophic level, end-to-end (i.e., "winds to whales") studies are needed to resolve the resilience of EBUS to climate change, especially their response to long-term trends or extremes that exceed pre-industrial ranges.
Details
- Title
- Under pressure: Climate change, upwelling and eastern boundary upwelling ecosystems
- Authors
- Marisol García-Reyes (Author) - Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosystem Research, United StatesWilliam J Sydeman (Author) - Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosystem Research, United StatesDavid S Schoeman (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and EngineeringRyan R Rykaczewski (Author) - University of South Carolina, United StatesBryan A Black (Author) - University of Texas, United StatesAlbertus J Smit (Author) - University of the Western Cape, South AfricaSteven J Bograd (Author) - NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Centre, United States
- Publication details
- Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol.2, 109; 10
- Publisher
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Date published
- 2015
- DOI
- 10.3389/fmars.2015.00109
- ISSN
- 2296-7745
- Copyright note
- Copyright © 2015 García-Reyes, Sydeman, Schoeman, Rykaczewski, Black, Smit and Bograd. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
- Organisation Unit
- School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Science, Technology and Engineering
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99449112102621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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