Journal article
The role of conduct disorder in the relationship between alcohol, nicotine and cannabis use disorders
Psychological Medicine, Vol.45(16), pp.3505-3515
2015
Abstract
Background Genetic influences contribute significantly to co-morbidity between conduct disorder and substance use disorders. Estimating the extent of overlap can assist in the development of phenotypes for genomic analyses. Method Multivariate quantitative genetic analyses were conducted using data from 9577 individuals, including 3982 complete twin pairs and 1613 individuals whose co-twin was not interviewed (aged 24-37 years) from two Australian twin samples. Analyses examined the genetic correlation between alcohol dependence, nicotine dependence and cannabis abuse/dependence and the extent to which the correlations were attributable to genetic influences shared with conduct disorder. Results Additive genetic (a2 = 0.48-0.65) and non-shared environmental factors explained variance in substance use disorders. Familial effects on conduct disorder were due to additive genetic (a2 = 0.39) and shared environmental (c2 = 0.15) factors. All substance use disorders were influenced by shared genetic factors (rg = 0.38-0.56), with all genetic overlap between substances attributable to genetic influences shared with conduct disorder. Genes influencing individual substance use disorders were also significant, explaining 40-73% of the genetic variance per substance. Conclusions Among substance users in this sample, the well-documented clinical co-morbidity between conduct disorder and substance use disorders is primarily attributable to shared genetic liability. Interventions targeted at generally reducing deviant behaviors may address the risk posed by this shared genetic liability. However, there is also evidence for genetic and environmental influences specific to each substance. The identification of these substance-specific risk factors (as well as potential protective factors) is critical to the future development of targeted treatment protocols.
Details
- Title
- The role of conduct disorder in the relationship between alcohol, nicotine and cannabis use disorders
- Authors
- J D Grant (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United StatesM T Lynskey (Author) - Kings College London, United KingdomP A F Madden (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United StatesE C Nelson (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United StatesL R Few (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United StatesK K Bucholz (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United StatesDixie J Statham (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Arts and BusinessN G Martin (Author) - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, AustraliaA C Heath (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United StatesA Agrawal (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United States
- Publication details
- Psychological Medicine, Vol.45(16), pp.3505-3515
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Date published
- 2015
- DOI
- 10.1017/S0033291715001518
- ISSN
- 0033-2917
- Copyright note
- Copyright © 2015 The Authors. The accepted manuscript is reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher.
- Organisation Unit
- School of Social Sciences - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99449482502621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web Of Science research areas
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
- Psychology, Clinical
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