The big picture on accident causation: A review, synthesis and meta-analysis of AcciMap studies

Paul M Salmon; Adam Hulme; Guy H Walker; Patrick Waterson; Elise Berber; Neville A Stanton

doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104650

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The big picture on accident causation: A review, synthesis and meta-analysis of AcciMap studies

Journal article

Peer reviewed

The big picture on accident causation: A review, synthesis and meta-analysis of AcciMap studies

Paul M Salmon, Adam Hulme, Guy H Walker, Patrick Waterson, Elise Berber and Neville A Stanton

Safety Science, Vol.126, 104650

2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104650

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Abstract

systems thinking

accident causation

accident analysis

AcciMap

As AcciMap is now arguably the most popular accident analysis method in the peer-reviewed literature, there are key learnings to be taken from reviewing and synthesising published AcciMap analyses. In particular, the extent to which the network of contributory factors underpinning accidents is consistent across safety critical domains. This study reviewed and synthesised 23 AcciMap analyses published in the peer-reviewed literature. Contributory factors and relationships were extracted and thematically coded to form a single multi-domain, multi-incident AcciMap. The resulting AcciMap contains 5587 contributory factors spanning seventy-nine distinct contributory factor types. The findings reveal a set of generic contributory factors that consistently play a role in major accidents regardless of domain. Additionally, contributory factors previously only associated with sharp-end human operators are, in fact, prevalent across multiple levels of accident systems. The implications of these findings for accident theory and accident analysis and prevention activities are discussed. For future AcciMap analyses it is recommended that the contributory factor classification scheme developed in the present study is used to support the identification and classification of contributory factors. In addition, further education for analysts on the systems thinking perspective on accident causation is recommended.

Details

Title: The big picture on accident causation: A review, synthesis and meta-analysis of AcciMap studies
Authors: Paul M Salmon (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast
Adam Hulme (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast
Guy H Walker (Author) - Heriot-Watt University, United Kingdom
Patrick Waterson (Author) - Loughborough University, United Kingdom
Elise Berber (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast
Neville A Stanton (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast
Publication details: Safety Science, Vol.126, 104650; 15
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date published: 2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104650
ISSN: 0925-7535
Grants: NextGen Accident Prevention: a new theory and toolkit for safer systems, DP180100806, Australian Research Council (Australia, Canberra) - ARC
Organisation Unit: Centre for Human Factors and Systems Science; Thompson Institute; School of Law and Society; External
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99450842402621
Output Type: Journal article

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