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Terrestrial Cyborg Insects for Real-Life Applications
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Terrestrial Cyborg Insects for Real-Life Applications

Hai Nhan Le, Lachlan Fitzgerald, Phuoc Thien Phan, Robbie S Wilson, Christofer Clemente, Huu Duoc Nguyen, Hirotaka Sato, Hoang-Phuong Phan, Peter Ross McAree, Thanh Nho Do, …
Advanced Intelligent Systems, Vol.Advanced access
26-Feb-2026
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Advanced Intelligent Systems - 2026 - Le - Terrestrial Cyborg Insects for Real‐Life Applications5.21 MBDownloadView
Published Version (Advanced Access)CC BY V4.0 Open Access

Abstract

biohybrid robots cyborg insects insect-scale robots mobile robots terrestrial locomotion
Since 1997, terrestrial cyborg insects have emerged as a promising alternative to insect-scale artificial robots for real-world applications, such as urban search and rescue or exploration in complex environments, due to their self-powered and self-adaptable organic bodies with naturally integrated sensors. Over the last two decades, this field has been growing rapidly with novel methodologies for locomotion control of living insects and the integration of onboard miniature devices, which have been used not only for environmental data collection but also for unlocking hybrid abilities of insect species. These developments require a range of interdisciplinary expertise from researchers, including both biology and engineering backgrounds. As such, this review aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current state of the art through three aspects: locomotion capabilities with corresponding proactive control methods for terrestrial insects, challenges with proposed solutions, and practical applications based on developed projects. With in-depth analysis and classification of influential studies, this work outlines clear research directions to support the advancement of terrestrial cyborg insect technology toward real-world deployment and scalable production in the near future.

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Domestic collaboration
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Web Of Science research areas
Automation & Control Systems
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Robotics
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