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Symmetry matched auditory cues improve gait steadiness in most people with Parkinson's disease but not in healthy older people
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Symmetry matched auditory cues improve gait steadiness in most people with Parkinson's disease but not in healthy older people

M A D Brodie, R T Dean, T R Beijer, C G Canning, Stuart T Smith, J C Menant and S R Lord
Journal of Parkinson's Disease, Vol.5(1), pp.105-116
2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-140430
url
https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-140430View
Published Version

Abstract

asymmetry auditory cues gait steadiness Parkinson's disease symmetry
Background: Unsteady gait and falls are major problems for people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Symmetric auditory cues at altered cadences have been used to improve walking speed or step length. However, few people are exactly symmetric in terms of morphology or movement patterns and effects of symmetric cueing on gait steadiness are inconclusive. Objectives: To investigate if matching auditory cue a/symmetry to an individual's intrinsic symmetry or asymmetry affects gait steadiness, gait symmetry, and comfort to cues, in people with PD, healthy age-matched controls (HAM) and young. Methods: Thirty participants; 10 with PD, 11 HAM (66 years), and 9 young (30 years), completed five baseline walks (no cues) and twenty-five cued walks at habitual cadence but different a/symmetries. Outcomes included; gait steadiness (step time variability and smoothness by harmonic ratios), walking speed, symmetry, comfort, and cue lag times. Results: Without cues, PD participants had slower and less steady gait than HAM or young. Gait symmetry was distinct from gait steadiness, and unaffected by cue symmetry or a diagnosis of PD, but associated with aging. All participants maintained preferred gait symmetry and lag times independent of cue symmetry. When cues were matched to the individual's habitual gait symmetry and cadence: Gait steadiness improved in the PD group, but deteriorated in the HAM controls, and was unchanged in the young. Gait outcomes worsened for the two PD participants who reported discomfort to cued walking and had high New Freezing of Gait scores. Conclusions: It cannot be assumed all individuals benefit equally from auditory cues. Symmetry matched auditory cues compensated for unsteady gait in most people with PD, but interfered with gait steadiness in older people without basal ganglia deficits. © 2015 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

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