Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors Predict 5-Year Changes in Adiposity among a Group of Black South African Adults

Corneli Nienaber-Rousseau; Olusola F Sotunde; Patrica O Ukegbu; P Hermanus Myburgh; Hattie H Wright; Lize Havemann-Nel; Sarah J Moss; Iolanthe M Kruger; H Salome Kruger

doi:10.3390/ijerph14091089

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Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors Predict 5-Year Changes in Adiposity among a Group of Black South African Adults

Journal article

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Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors Predict 5-Year Changes in Adiposity among a Group of Black South African Adults

Corneli Nienaber-Rousseau, Olusola F Sotunde, Patrica O Ukegbu, P Hermanus Myburgh, Hattie H Wright, Lize Havemann-Nel, Sarah J Moss, Iolanthe M Kruger and H Salome Kruger

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol.14(9), 1089

2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14091089

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Abstract

central obesity

marital status

marital transition

obesity

socio-demographic

socio-economic status

sub-Saharan Africa

urbanization

The rising prevalence of obesity and excessive adiposity are global public health concerns. Understanding determinants of changes in adiposity over time is critical for informing effective evidence-based prevention or treatment. However, limited information is available to achieve this objective. Cultural, demographic, environmental, and behavioral factors including socio-economic status (SES) likely account for obesity development. To this end, we related these variables to anthropometric measures in 1058 black adult Tswana-speaking South Africans who were HIV negative in a prospective study over five years. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference increased in both sexes, whereas triceps skinfold thickness remained the same. Over the five years, women moved to higher BMI categories and more were diagnosed with central obesity. Age correlated negatively, whereas SES, physical activity, energy, and fat intake correlated positively with adiposity markers in women. In men, SES, marital status, physical activity, and being urban predicted increases in adiposity. For women, SES and urbanicity increased, whereas menopause and smoking decreased adiposity. Among men, smokers had less change in BMI than those that never smoked over five years. Our findings suggest that interventions, focusing on the urban living, the married and those with the highest SES-the high-risk groups identified herein-are of primary importance to contain morbidity and premature mortality due to obesity in black South Africans.

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Title: Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors Predict 5-Year Changes in Adiposity among a Group of Black South African Adults
Authors: Corneli Nienaber-Rousseau (Author) - North-West University, South Africa
Olusola F Sotunde (Author) - North-West University, South Africa
Patrica O Ukegbu (Author) - North-West University, South Africa
P Hermanus Myburgh (Author) - North-West University, South Africa
Hattie H Wright (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering
Lize Havemann-Nel (Author) - North-West University, South Africa
Sarah J Moss (Author) - North-West University
Iolanthe M Kruger (Author) - North-West University, South Africa
H Salome Kruger (Author) - North-West University, South Africa
Publication details: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol.14(9), 1089; 16
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date published: 2017
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14091089
ISSN: 1661-7827
Copyright note: Copyright © 2017 The Authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (CC BY 4.0).
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health - Nutrition & Dietetics; School of Health and Sport Sciences - Legacy; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99451048302621
Output Type: Journal article

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