Seroprevalence of antibodies to primate erythroparvovirus 1 (B19V) in Australia 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1117 Public Health and Health Services

Helen M Faddy; E C Gorman; V C Hoad; F D Frentiu; S Tozer; R L P Flower

doi:10.1186/s12879-018-3525-7

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Seroprevalence of antibodies to primate erythroparvovirus 1 (B19V) in Australia 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1117 Public Health and Health Services

Journal article

Open access

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Seroprevalence of antibodies to primate erythroparvovirus 1 (B19V) in Australia 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1117 Public Health and Health Services

Helen M Faddy, E C Gorman, V C Hoad, F D Frentiu, S Tozer and R L P Flower

BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol.18, 631

2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3525-7

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Abstract

Microbiology

Clinical Sciences

Medical Microbiology

Background: Primate erythroparvovirus 1 (B19V) is a globally ubiquitous DNA virus. Infection results in a variety of clinical presentations including erythema infectiosum in children and arthralgia in adults. There is limited understanding of the seroprevalence of B19V antibodies in the Australian population and therefore of population-wide immunity. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of B19V antibodies in an Australian blood donor cohort, along with a cohort from a paediatric population. Methods: Age/sex/geographical location stratified plasma samples (n = 2221) were collected from Australian blood donors. Samples were also sourced from paediatric patients (n = 223) in Queensland. All samples were screened for B19V IgG using an indirect- enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Overall, 57.90% (95% CI: 55.94%-59.85%) of samples tested positive for B19V IgG, with the national age-standardized seroprevalence of B19V exposure in Australians aged 0 to 79 years estimated to be 54.41%. Increasing age (p < 0.001) and state of residence (p < 0.001) were independently associated with B19V exposure in blood donors, with the highest rates in donors from Tasmania (71.88%, 95% CI: 66.95%-76.80%) and donors aged 65-80 years (78.41%, 95% CI: 74.11%-82.71%). A seroprevalence of 52.04% (95% CI: 47.92%-56.15%) was reported in women of child-bearing age (16 to 44 years). Sex was not associated with exposure in blood donors (p = 0.547) or in children (p = 0.261) screened in this study. Conclusions: This study highlights a clear association between B19V exposure and increasing age, with over half of the Australian population likely to be immune to this virus. Differences in seroprevalence were also observed in donors residing in different states, with a higher prevalence reported in those from the southern states. The finding is consistent with previous studies, with higher rates observed in countries with a higher latitude. This study provides much needed insight into the prevalence of B19V exposure in the Australian population, which has implications for public health as well as transfusion and transplantation safety in Australia.

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Title: Seroprevalence of antibodies to primate erythroparvovirus 1 (B19V) in Australia 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1117 Public Health and Health Services
Authors: Helen M Faddy (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
E C Gorman (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
V C Hoad (Author) - Australian Red Cross Blood Service
F D Frentiu (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
S Tozer (Author)
R L P Flower (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
Publication details: BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol.18, 631; 7
Publisher: BioMed Central Ltd.
Date published: 2018
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3525-7
ISSN: 1471-2334
Copyright note: Copyright © The Author(s). 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated
Organisation Unit: School of Health - Biomedicine; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health and Sport Sciences - Legacy; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99451106202621
Output Type: Journal article

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