Journal article
Secretion of IL-6 by fibroblasts exposed to Australian honeys involves lipopolysaccharide and is independent of floral source
Scientific Reports, pp.1-10
2022
PMCID: PMC9534836
PMID: 36198760
Abstract
Honey stimulates cellular secretion of cytokines, which has been attributed to activation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑dependent and LPS‑independent pathways. The objective of this study was to identify whether LPS is present in Australian honey samples at levels that can stimulate interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) secretion by fibroblasts and whether it can transduce cell signalling by activating toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4). IL‑6 was measured in culture media of fibroblasts exposed to honey for 24 h. LPS was detected in a 0.125 mg/mL solution of grey ironbark honey (0.61 ± 0.05 ng/g honey). TLR4 signalling was observed in RAW264.7 macrophages that were exposed to honey and this was prevented by preincubating the honey with the LPS‑neutralising agent, polymyxin B. Australian Eucalyptus, Leptospermum and Cyathode honeys stimulated IL‑6 secretion in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. To examine whether the response was dependent on floral source, fibroblasts were exposed to four different samples of grey ironbark honey obtained from Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. The magnitude of the cytokine response to these honeys was highly varied. We conclude that Australian honeys contain endotoxin at levels that can stimulate IL‑6 secretion by fibroblasts and that signalling in macrophages involves TLR4 activation. The IL‑6 secretory response was independent of floral source.
Details
- Title
- Secretion of IL-6 by fibroblasts exposed to Australian honeys involves lipopolysaccharide and is independent of floral source
- Authors
- Fraser Russell (Corresponding Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - LegacyJeanne Visagie (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - LegacyJamie Noll (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
- Publication details
- Scientific Reports, pp.1-10
- Publisher
- Nature Publishing Group
- Date published
- 2022
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41598-022-21130-6
- ISSN
- 2045-2322
- PMID
- 36198760; PMC9534836
- Copyright note
- © The Author(s) 2022. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
- Organisation Unit
- School of Health - Biomedicine; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Centre for Bioinnovation; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99679198602621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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