Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus)

Christina Næsborg-Nielsen; Raphael Eisenhofer; Tamieka A. Fraser; Vicky Wilkinson; Christopher P. Burridge; Scott Carver

doi:10.1186/s13071-022-05452-y

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Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus)

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Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus)

Christina Næsborg-Nielsen, Raphael Eisenhofer, Tamieka A. Fraser, Vicky Wilkinson, Christopher P. Burridge and Scott Carver

Parasites & Vectors, Vol.15(1), pp.1-10

2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05452-y

PMCID: PMC9472346

PMID: 36100860

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Abstract

sarcotic mange

Sarcoptes scabiei

bare-nosed wombat

microbiota

dysbiosis

Staphylococcus sciuri

Corynebacterium

Pseudogymnascus

Debaryomyces

Background: Sarcoptes scabiei is globally distributed and one of the most impactful mammalian ectoparasites. Sarcoptic mange, caused by infection with S. scabiei, causes disruption of the epidermis and its bacterial microbiota, but its effects on host fungal microbiota and on the microbiota of marsupials in general have not been studied. Here, we (i) examine bacterial and fungal microbiota changes associated with mange in wild bare-nosed wombats (BNWs) and (ii) evaluate whether opportunistic pathogens are potentiated by S. scabiei infection in this species. Methods: Using Amplicon Sequencing of the 16S rRNA and ITS2 rDNA genes, we detected skin microbiota changes of the bare-nosed wombat (Vombatus ursinus). We compared the alpha and beta diversity among healthy, moderate, and severe disease states using ANOVA and PERMANOVA with nesting. Lastly, we identified taxa that differed between disease states using analysis of composition of microbes (ANCOM) testing. Results: We detected significant changes in the microbial communities and diversity with mange in BNWs. Severely affected BNWs had lower amplicon sequence variant (ASV) richness compared to that of healthy individuals, and the microbial communities were significantly different between disease states with higher relative abundance of potentially pathogenic microbial taxa in mange-affected BNWs including Staphylococcus sciuri, Corynebacterium spp., Brevibacterium spp., Brachybacterium spp., and Pseudogymnascus spp. and Debaryomyces spp. Conclusion: This study represents the first investigation of microbial changes in association with sarcoptic mange in a marsupial host, as well as the first investigation of fungal microbial changes on the skin of any host suffering from sarcoptic mange. Our results are broadly consistent with bacterial microbiota changes observed in humans, pigs, canids, and Iberian ibex, suggesting the epidermal microbial impacts of mange may be generalisable across host species. We recommend that future studies investigating skin microbiota changes include both bacterial and fungal data to gain a more complete picture of the effects of sarcoptic mange.

Details

Title: Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus)
Authors: Christina Næsborg-Nielsen (Corresponding Author) - University of Tasmania
Raphael Eisenhofer (Author) - University of Copenhagen
Tamieka A. Fraser (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering
Vicky Wilkinson (Author) - University of Tasmania
Christopher P. Burridge (Author) - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania
Scott Carver (Author) - University of Tasmania
Publication details: Parasites & Vectors, Vol.15(1), pp.1-10
Publisher: BioMed Central Ltd.
Date published: 2022
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05452-y
ISSN: 1756-3305
PMID: 36100860; PMC9472346
Copyright note: Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
Organisation Unit: Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering; School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99677498702621
Output Type: Journal article

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Web Of Science research areas: Parasitology; Tropical Medicine

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