Retrospective study of canine infectious haemolytic anaemia cases reveals the importance of molecular investigation in accurate postmortal diagnostic protocols

A Beck; D Huber; M Antolic; Zeljka Anzulovic; I Reil; Adam Polkinghorne; G Baneth; R Beck

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2019.05.006

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Retrospective study of canine infectious haemolytic anaemia cases reveals the importance of molecular investigation in accurate postmortal diagnostic protocols

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Retrospective study of canine infectious haemolytic anaemia cases reveals the importance of molecular investigation in accurate postmortal diagnostic protocols

A Beck, D Huber, M Antolic, Zeljka Anzulovic, I Reil, Adam Polkinghorne, G Baneth and R Beck

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Vol.65, pp.81-87

2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2019.05.006

PMID: 31300132

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Abstract

anaemia

dogs

leptospira interrogans

retrospective study

tick borne pathogens

Infectious haemolytic anaemia (IHA) in dogs share similar clinical signs including fever, lethargy, icterus, paleness of mucous membranes and splenomegaly. Postmortal findings are similar and, without additional diagnostic methods, an accurate aetiological diagnosis is difficult to achieve. In order to investigate causes of lethal IHA in Croatian dogs, we performed a retrospective study on archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks (FFPEB) from dogs that died due to haemolytic crisis, using microscopic and molecular diagnostic tools to determine the aetiological cause of disease. Molecular analysis was performed on kidney, lung, myocardium and spleen on FFPEB from all dogs. The originally stated aetiological diagnosis of B. canis or leptospirosis was confirmed in only 53% of the dogs. PCR and sequencing revealed that, in addition to the expected pathogens, B. canis and Leptospira interrogans, the presence of previously undiagnosed "new" pathogens causing anaemia including Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Furthermore, Theileria capreoli was detected for the first time in a dog with postmortal descriptions of lesions. Intensive extravascular hemolysis was noticeable as jaundice of the mucosa, subcutis and fat tissue, green or yellow discoloration of renal parenchyma caused by bilirubin excretion in the renal tubules and bile accumulation within the liver in 90% of the dogs. This work highlights the value of molecular diagnostics to complement traditional ante-mortem and post-mortem diagnostic protocols for the aetiological diagnosis of pathogens associated with IHA.

Details

Title: Retrospective study of canine infectious haemolytic anaemia cases reveals the importance of molecular investigation in accurate postmortal diagnostic protocols
Authors: A Beck (Author)
D Huber (Author)
M Antolic (Author)
Zeljka Anzulovic (Author)
I Reil (Author)
Adam Polkinghorne (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast
G Baneth (Author)
R Beck (Author)
Publication details: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Vol.65, pp.81-87
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd.
Date published: 2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.05.006
ISSN: 0147-9571
PMID: 31300132
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99451443602621
Output Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences

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