Journal article
Primary motor cortex involvement in initial learning during visuomotor adaptation
Neuropsychologia, Vol.50(10), pp.2515-2523
2012
PMID: 22781812
Abstract
Human motor behaviour is continually modified on the basis of errors between desired and actual movement outcomes. It is emerging that the role played by the primary motor cortex (M1) in this process is contingent upon a variety of factors, including the nature of the task being performed, and the stage of learning. Here we used repetitive TMS to test the hypothesis that M1 is intimately involved in the initial phase of sensorimotor adaptation. Inhibitory theta burst stimulation was applied to M1 prior to a task requiring modification of torques generated about the elbow/forearm complex in response to rotations of a visual feedback display. Participants were first exposed to a 30° clockwise (CW) rotation (Block A), then a 60° counterclockwise rotation (Block B), followed immediately by a second block of 30° CW rotation (A2). In the STIM condition, participants received 20s of continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) prior to the initial A Block. In the conventional (CON) condition, no stimulation was applied. The overt characteristics of performance in the two conditions were essentially equivalent with respect to the errors exhibited upon exposure to a new variant of the task. There were however, profound differences between the conditions in the latency of response preparation, and the excitability of corticospinal projections from M1, which accompanied phases of de-adaptation and re-adaptation (during Blocks B and A2). Upon subsequent exposure to the A rotation 24h later, the rate of re-adaptation was lower in the stimulation condition than that present in the conventional condition. These results support the assertion that primary motor cortex assumes a key role in a network that mediates adaptation to visuomotor perturbation, and emphasise that it is engaged functionally during the early phase of learning.
► Disruption of the primary motor cortex results in a distinct mode of learning. ► The impact is expressed in subsequent re-adaptation and retention. ► Primary motor cortex is engaged functionally in early stages of motor learning.
Details
- Title
- Primary motor cortex involvement in initial learning during visuomotor adaptation
- Authors
- Stephan Riek (Author) - University of QueenslandMark R Hinder (Author) - University of QueenslandRichard G Carson (Author) - University of Queensland
- Publication details
- Neuropsychologia, Vol.50(10), pp.2515-2523
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.06.024
- ISSN
- 1873-3514
- PMID
- 22781812
- Organisation Unit
- Graduate Research School; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99472604302621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web Of Science research areas
- Behavioral Sciences
- Neurosciences
- Psychology, Experimental
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