Journal article
Policies for wetlands implementation in Denmark and Sweden – historical lessons and emerging issues
Land Use Policy, Vol.101, pp.1-15
2021
Abstract
Natural wetlands used to cover a significant part of the landscape, but these ecosystems have declined by >50% worldwide, and even more in Denmark and Sweden. However, since the 1980s, various policies have been implemented to restore and create wetlands. This study provides a comprehensive historical overview of policies used to stimulate the creation and restoration of wetlands in Denmark and Sweden, and also analyses what factors have facilitated participation or have been barriers for landowners. The analysis of wetlands implementation programmes in Denmark showed a change towards narrower focus on nitrogen reduction from 1998 and onwards, whereas policies in Sweden often have had a wider multifunctional purpose. In both countries, there has been a change in the compensation structure from a lump sum to annual payments, parallel to an observed increase in costs for wetlands implementation. There is still a large potential for recreating many more wetlands, and the national targets have not been reached in neither Denmark nor Sweden. Key success factors, for future wetlands implementation are sufficient compensation levels, flexible scheme designs and information-based strategies documenting relevant benefits and sustainability issues. In general, more advice and support from the state, regional and local participants, and farmers’ organisations, are required to increase the participation and achieve successful and cost-efficient wetlands implementation. A collaborative and catchment-based approach holds promise, where wetland governance can serve as a platform for collaboration between policy bodies and between farmers. Additionally, politicians and decision makers need to accept the area targets presented to them when setting policy goals for wetlands implementation, and to accept that restoring and constructing wetlands requires long implementation times before results can be demonstrated.
Details
- Title
- Policies for wetlands implementation in Denmark and Sweden – historical lessons and emerging issues
- Authors
- Morten Graversgaard (Author) - Aarhus UniversityBrian H Jacobsen (Author) - University of CopenhagenCarl Christian Hoffmann (Author) - Aarhus UniversityTommy Dalgaard (Author) - Aarhus UniversityMette Vestergaard Odgaard (Author) - Aarhus UniversityCharlotte Kjaergaard (Author) - Hushållningssällskapet HallandNeil Powell (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Sustainability Research CentreJohn A Strand (Author) - SEGESPeter Feuerbach (Author) - Hushållningssällskapet HallandKarin Tonderski (Author) - Linköping University
- Publication details
- Land Use Policy, Vol.101, pp.1-15
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd.
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105206
- ISSN
- 1873-5754
- Organisation Unit
- School of Law and Society; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Sustainability Research Centre; School of Social Sciences - Legacy
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99493808602621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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