Abstract
Seventy-nine accessions representing forty-seven taxa of Clerodendrumn s.l. (Lamiaceae) and seven putative outgroup genera are included in an analysis of chloroplast DNA restriction sites for ten enzymes. Parsimony analysis of 456 potentially informative characters identifies four large discrete clades (Clades I-IV) within Clerodenidruim s.l. and shows that Clerodendruim s.l. is polyphyletic. Clades I and II comprise Asian and African taxa respectively. Clade III comprises coastal species from Africa, Asia and central America and presents an hypothesis of relationship within Clerodendrutm that has not previously been explicit in classifications of the genus. Clade IV, comprising subg. Cyclonema and sect. Konocalyx (subg. Clerodendrrnm pro parte) emerges as a lineage distinct from the rest of Clerodendrtni. Traditional sections Squamnata, Odontocalyx (subg. Clerodendrutm), Cyclonenia and Stacheocymosa (subg. Cycloinema) are well-supported mono- phyletic groups. Subgenus Clerodenidrutm and sections Clerodendrutm and Axilliflora (subg. Clerodendrnm pro parte) are shown to be polyphyletic. The polyphyly of Clerodendruni s.l. is also supported by a separate analysis of chloroplast ndhF sequences, in which a smaller sampling of Clerodendruman is included in a broader sample of labiate genera. The ndhF sequence data suggest that Tetraclea belongs in Clade I of Clerodendruni and support the monophyly of the recently circumscribed subfamily Teucriodea.
