Passive and Active Exoskeleton Solutions: Sensors, Actuators, Applications, and Recent Trends

D. M. G. Preethichandra; Lasitha Piyathilaka; Jung-Hoon Sul; Umer Izhar; Rohan Samarasinghe; Sanura Dunu Arachchige; Liyanage C. de Silva

doi:10.3390/s24217095

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Passive and Active Exoskeleton Solutions: Sensors, Actuators, Applications, and Recent Trends

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Passive and Active Exoskeleton Solutions: Sensors, Actuators, Applications, and Recent Trends

D. M. G. Preethichandra, Lasitha Piyathilaka, Jung-Hoon Sul, Umer Izhar, Rohan Samarasinghe, Sanura Dunu Arachchige and Liyanage C. de Silva

Sensors, Vol.24(21), pp.1-42

2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s24217095

PMCID: PMC11548343

PMID: 39517992

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Abstract

passive exoskeletons

active exoskeletons

sensors

actuators

human augmentation

industrial applications

rehabilitation

wearable technology

Recent advancements in exoskeleton technology, both passive and active, are driven by the need to enhance human capabilities across various industries as well as the need to provide increased safety for the human worker. This review paper examines the sensors, actuators, mechanisms, design, and applications of passive and active exoskeletons, providing an in-depth analysis of various exoskeleton technologies. The main scope of this paper is to examine the recent developments in the exoskeleton developments and their applications in different fields and identify research opportunities in this field. The paper examines the exoskeletons used in various industries as well as research-level prototypes of both active and passive types. Further, it examines the commonly used sensors and actuators with their advantages and disadvantages applicable to different types of exoskeletons. Communication protocols used in different exoskeletons are also discussed with the challenges faced.

Details

Title: Passive and Active Exoskeleton Solutions: Sensors, Actuators, Applications, and Recent Trends
Authors: D. M. G. Preethichandra (Corresponding Author) - Central Queensland University
Lasitha Piyathilaka - Central Queensland University
Jung-Hoon Sul - Central Queensland University
Umer Izhar - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Science, Technology and Engineering
Rohan Samarasinghe - University of Colombo
Sanura Dunu Arachchige - Central Queensland University
Liyanage C. de Silva - Universiti Brunei Darussalam
Publication details: Sensors, Vol.24(21), pp.1-42
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date published: 2024
DOI: 10.3390/s24217095
ISSN: 1424-8220
PMID: 39517992; PMC11548343
Copyright note: © 2024 by the authors. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Data Availability: Data are contained within the article.
Organisation Unit: School of Science, Technology and Engineering
Language: English
Record Identifier: 991088098802621
Output Type: Journal article

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Web Of Science research areas: Chemistry, Analytical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation

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