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Origins and diversity of the Portuguese Landrace of Eucalyptus globulus
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Origins and diversity of the Portuguese Landrace of Eucalyptus globulus

Jules S Freeman, C M P Marques, V Carocha, N Borralho, Brad M Potts and R E Vaillancourt
Annals of Forest Science, Vol.64(6), pp.639-647
2007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2007042
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https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2007042View
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Abstract

Forestry Sciences geographic origins diversity Portuguese Landrace Eucalyptus globulus molecular markers
The Portuguese Landrace of Eucalyptus globulus is of unknown origin, with the earliest plantings of this tree species dating back to theearly 19th century. In Portugal it is currently a major seed source for plantations and is also used in breeding programs. Eucalyptus globulus is native tosouth-eastern Australia. The substantial genetic differentiation of chloroplast and nuclear DNA markers between different native geographic races of thisspecies allowed us to uncover the Australian origins of the Portuguese Landrace and to study its genetic diversity. To achieve this, we sequenced a highlypolymorphic region of chloroplast DNA from 47 Portuguese Landrace individuals, and genotyped 34 of these using seven nuclear microsatellites. Wecompared these individuals to those in a database comprising chloroplast DNA sequence profiles from 292 native trees and seven nuclear microsatellitesfrom 372 native trees. The majority of the Portuguese Landrace samples had closest affinities, in both marker systems, to native trees from south-easternTasmania, but some had affinities to trees from south-eastern Victoria. The discrepancies in the affinities indicated by chloroplast versus nuclear DNAmarkers could be explained by inter-race hybridisation after introduction. The genetic diversity in the Portuguese Landrace was less than that found innative E. globulus at the species level, but was similar to the average diversity found in native races of the species. This study demonstrates the powerof using independent marker systems to identify the origins and diversity of domesticated populations, by comparison with variation in native stands.

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