Non-Mouse Models of Atherosclerosis: Approaches to Exploring the Translational Potential of New Therapies

Danielle Kamato; Iqra Ilyas; Suowen Xu; Peter J. Little

doi:10.3390/ijms232112964

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Non-Mouse Models of Atherosclerosis: Approaches to Exploring the Translational Potential of New Therapies

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Non-Mouse Models of Atherosclerosis: Approaches to Exploring the Translational Potential of New Therapies

Danielle Kamato, Iqra Ilyas, Suowen Xu and Peter J. Little

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol.23(21), pp.1-13

2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112964

PMCID: PMC9656683

PMID: 36361754

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Abstract

key atherosclerosis

animal models

therapeutics

disease mechanism

pathology

Cardiovascular disease is the largest single cause of disease-related mortality worldwide and the major underlying pathology is atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis develops as a complex process of vascular lipid deposition and retention by modified proteoglycans, endothelial dysfunction and unresolved chronic inflammation. There are a multitude of current therapeutic agents, most based on lowering plasma lipid levels, but, overall, they have a lower than optimum level of efficacy and many deaths continue to arise from cardiovascular disease world-wide. To identify and evaluate potential novel cardiovascular drugs, suitable animal models that reproduce human atherosclerosis with a high degree of fidelity are required as essential pre-clinical research tools. Commonly used animal models of atherosclerosis include mice (ApoE(-/-), LDLR-/- mice and others), rabbits (WHHL rabbits and others), rats, pigs, hamster, zebrafish and non-human primates. Models based on various wild-type and genetically modified mice have been extensively reviewed but mice may not always be appropriate. Thus, here, we provide an overview of the advantages and shortcomings of various non-mouse animal models of atherosclerotic plaque formation, and plaque rupture, as well as commonly used interventional strategies. Taken together, the combinatorial selection of suitable animal models readily facilitates reproducible and rigorous translational research in discovering and validating novel anti-atherosclerotic drugs.

Details

Title: Non-Mouse Models of Atherosclerosis: Approaches to Exploring the Translational Potential of New Therapies
Authors: Danielle Kamato (Author) - Griffith University
Iqra Ilyas (Author) - University of Science and Technology of China
Suowen Xu (Author) - University of Science and Technology of China
Peter J. Little (Corresponding Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
Publication details: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol.23(21), pp.1-13
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date published: 2022
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112964
ISSN: 1422-0067
PMID: 36361754; PMC9656683
Copyright note: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Organisation Unit: School of Health; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99695748602621
Output Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

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