Nitrogen Modification and Corrosion Analysis of High-Chromium White Iron as Deposited via Welding

Cedric Tan; Kannoorpatti Krishnan; Naveen Elumalai

doi:10.3390/met15040342

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Nitrogen Modification and Corrosion Analysis of High-Chromium White Iron as Deposited via Welding

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Nitrogen Modification and Corrosion Analysis of High-Chromium White Iron as Deposited via Welding

Cedric Tan, Kannoorpatti Krishnan and Naveen Elumalai

Metals, Vol.15(4), pp.1-23

2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/met15040342

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Abstract

hardfacing

nitrogen

corrosion

white iron

carbides

High-chromium white iron (HCWI) alloys are often used in industries such as mining which require a high wear resistance. Whilst nitrogen is known as a good austenitic stabiliser, the effects of nitrogen on corrosion properties for welded HCWI have not been studied. Chromium hardfacing alloys were deposited via gas metal arc welding using nitrogen as a shielding gas at flow rates of 5 L/min, 10 L/min, and 15 L/min. The corrosion behaviour of these modified alloys was studied using electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Higher gas flow rates were found to increase the volume fraction of the eutectic austenite while reducing the amounts of eutectic carbides. Nitrogen did not transform the M7C3 (M = Cr, Fe) carbides into any other form of carbides. The sample without nitrogen as a shielding gas was found to display the worst corrosion resistance after electrochemical testing, such as corrosion resistance parameters in EIS tests. Higher nitrogen shielding gas flow rates were found to produce higher levels of corrosion resistance; this was especially true for the 15 L/min sample with a corrosion resistance parameter to EIS that was more than double that of the sample without nitrogen shielding gas (e.g., 4700 vs. 2325 Omega<middle dot>cm2 respectively).

Details

Title: Nitrogen Modification and Corrosion Analysis of High-Chromium White Iron as Deposited via Welding
Authors: Cedric Tan - Charles Darwin University
Kannoorpatti Krishnan (Corresponding Author) - Charles Darwin University
Naveen Elumalai - Charles Darwin University
Publication details: Metals, Vol.15(4), pp.1-23
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date published: 2025
DOI: 10.3390/met15040342
ISSN: 2075-4701
Copyright note: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Data Availability: The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
Grants: Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarship, RTP, Department of Education (Australia, Canberra)
Organisation Unit: School of Science, Technology and Engineering
Language: English
Record Identifier: 991216650302621
Output Type: Journal article

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