Misinterpreting Emotional Expressions in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence for a Neural Marker and Stimulant Effects

L M Williams; Daniel F Hermens; D Palmer; M Kohn; S Clarke; H Keage; C R Clark; E Gordon

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.11.022

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Misinterpreting Emotional Expressions in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence for a Neural Marker and Stimulant Effects

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Misinterpreting Emotional Expressions in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence for a Neural Marker and Stimulant Effects

L M Williams, Daniel F Hermens, D Palmer, M Kohn, S Clarke, H Keage, C R Clark and E Gordon

Biological Psychiatry, Vol.63(10), pp.917-926

2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.11.022

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Abstract

ADHD

depression and anxiety

ERP

sevent-related potentials

facial expressions of emotion

lability

methylphenidate

recognition

Background: In addition to cognitive impairment, there are disruptions to mood and emotion processing in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but little is known about their neural basis. We examined ADHD disturbances in mood and emotion recognition and underlying neural systems before and after treatment with stimulant medication. Methods: Participants were 51 unmedicated ADHD adolescents and 51 matched healthy control subjects rated for depressed and anxious mood and accuracy for identifying facial expressions of basic emotion. Brain function was recorded using event-related potentials (ERPs) while subjects viewed these expressions. ADHD subjects were retested after 4 weeks, following treatment with methylphenidate (MPH). Results: ADHD subjects showed a profile of emotion-related impairment: higher depression and anxiety, deficits in identifying threat-related emotional expressions in particular, and alterations in ERPs. There was a pronounced reduction in occipital activity during the early perceptual analysis of emotional expression (within 120 msec), followed by an exaggeration of activity associated with structural encoding (120-220 msec) and subsequent reduction and slowing of temporal brain activity subserving context processing (300-400 msec). Methylphenidate normalized neural activity and produced some improvement of emotion recognition but had no impact on negative mood. Improvements in neural activity with MPH were consistent predictors of improvement in clinical features of emotional lability and hyperactivity. Conclusions: Objective behavioral and brain function measures of emotion processing may provide a valuable addition to the clinical armamentarium for assessing emotional disturbances in ADHD and the efficacy of stimulants for treating these disturbances. © 2008 Society of Biological Psychiatry.

Details

Title: Misinterpreting Emotional Expressions in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence for a Neural Marker and Stimulant Effects
Authors: L M Williams (Author) - University of Sydney
Daniel F Hermens (Author) - University of Sydney
D Palmer (Author) - University of Sydney
M Kohn (Author) - University of Sydney
S Clarke (Author) - University of Sydney
H Keage (Author) - Flinders University
C R Clark (Author) - Flinders University
E Gordon (Author) - University of Sydney
Publication details: Biological Psychiatry, Vol.63(10), pp.917-926
Publisher: Elsevier Inc.
Date published: 2008
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.11.022
ISSN: 0006-3223
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Thompson Institute
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99450345602621
Output Type: Journal article

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Web Of Science research areas: Neurosciences; Psychiatry

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