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Published VersionCC BY V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Measurement of serum 1,5-AG provides insights for diabetes management and the anti-viral immune response
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Vol.82, pp.1-10
2025
PMID: 39912911
Abstract
Background
Achieving an in-range glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is essential for managing diabetes mellitus (DM). However, this parameter provides an estimate of long-term blood glucose control rather than daily glycaemic variations. Glycaemic variability can be more predictive than HbA1c in terms of identifying those at risk for diabetes complications, including risk of severe respiratory virus infections and is usually measured via a continuous glucose monitor (CGM). For individuals for whom a CGM is not available, serum 1,5 anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) level has shown potential as an alternative method for monitoring glycaemic variability. Despite this, at present 1,5-AG is not routinely used in the clinical assessment of DM. Here, we aim to determine whether assessing 1,5-AG, in addition to HbA1c, is of any potential clinical utility to the management of DM for patients.
Methods
Using machine learning and data derived from 78 patients with type I DM (for whom CGM data is available) we show that the combination of 1,5-AG and HbA1c improves the prediction of a patient’s glycemia risk index (GRI) compared to HbA1c alone.
Results
The GRI is an essential tool in the management of DM as it reflects both clinical priorities and patient centred outcomes. The inclusion of 1,5-AG in this prediction was particularly important for individuals who had very high or very low GRI. Furthermore, in the context of glycaemic variability and susceptibility to severe respiratory virus infections, we show that reduced 1,5-AG in the plasma is associated with reduced ex vivo CD4 + T cell cytokine responses to influenza virus in individuals with a matched HbA1c.
Conclusions
Taken together, these data argue for an increased monitoring of 1,5-AG in the clinic for individuals without a CGM to provide additional insights for diabetes management.
Details
- Title
- Measurement of serum 1,5-AG provides insights for diabetes management and the anti-viral immune response
- Authors
- Marcus Tong Zhen Wei - The University of QueenslandLinda A Gallo - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health - BiomedicineKatina D Hulme - The University of QueenslandFawaz Alzaid - Université Paris CitéJean-Baptiste Julla - Université Paris CitéEmily S Dorey - Mater ResearchGilles Morineau - Université Paris CitéKeng Yih Chew - The University of QueenslandEmma J Grant - La Trobe UniversityStephanie Gras - La Trobe UniversityHelen L Barett - Mater ResearchJean-Pierre Riveline - Université Paris CitéMeagan Carney - The University of QueenslandKirsty R Short (Corresponding Author) - The University of Queensland
- Publication details
- Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Vol.82, pp.1-10
- Publisher
- Birkhaeuser Science
- Date published
- 2025
- DOI
- 10.1007/s00018-024-05568-7
- ISSN
- 1420-9071; 1420-682X
- PMID
- 39912911
- Copyright note
- This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
- Data Availability
- All data and materials are available from the corresponding upon request.
- Grants
- Grant note
- Revadiab was funded by the Clinical Research Center (CRC) of APHP (Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris) and supported by a grant from the French Society of Diabetes (SFD). The 1.5 AG assay was funded by ANR-19-CE14-0005 MitoFLAME.
- Organisation Unit
- School of Health - Biomedicine
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 991127205902621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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