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Koala Retrovirus in Northern Australia Shows a Mixture of Stable Endogenization and Exogenous Lineage Diversification within Fragmented Koala Populations1.59 MB
Published VersionCC BY V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Koala Retrovirus in Northern Australia Shows a Mixture of Stable Endogenization and Exogenous Lineage Diversification within Fragmented Koala Populations
Journal of Virology, Vol.95(7), pp.1-11
2021
PMID: 33472936
Abstract
The koala population in northern Australia has become increasingly fragmented due to natural and man-made barriers and interventions. This situation has created a unique opportunity to study both endogenous and exogenous koala retrovirus (KoRV). To determine the impact that population isolation has had on KoRV diversity in Queensland, 272 koalas from six fragmented koala populations were profiled for their KoRV provirus across two natural biogeographical barriers (the St Lawrence Gap and the Brisbane Valley Barrier), one man-made geographical barrier (the city of Brisbane) and two translocation events (the single movement of koalas to an island and the repeated movement of koalas into a koala sanctuary). Analysis revealed that all koalas tested were KoRV-A positive, with 90 - 96% of the detected KoRV provirus from each koala representing a single, likely endogenous, KoRV-A strain. The next most abundant proviral sequence was a defective variant of the dominant KoRV-A strain, accounting for 3 - 10% of detected provirus. The remaining KoRV provirus represented expected exogenous strains of KoRV and included geographically localized patterns of KoRV-B, -C, -D, -F, -G, and -I. These results indicate that lineage diversification of exogenous KoRV is actively ongoing. In addition, comparison of KoRV provirus within known dam-sire-joey family groups from the koala sanctuary revealed that joeys consistently had KoRV proviral patterns more similar to their dams than their sires in KoRV-B, -C and -D provirus composition. Collectively, this study highlights both the consistency of endogenous KoRV and the diversity of exogenous KoRV across the fragmented koala populations in northern Australia.
Details
- Title
- Koala Retrovirus in Northern Australia Shows a Mixture of Stable Endogenization and Exogenous Lineage Diversification within Fragmented Koala Populations
- Authors
- Bonnie L Quigley (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, GeneCology Research Centre - LegacyAlistair Melzer (Author) - Central Queensland UniversityWilliam Ellis (Author) - The University of QueenslandGalit Tzipori (Author) - Lone Pine Koala SanctuaryKaren Nilsson (Author) - Lone Pine Koala SanctuaryOlusola Olagoke (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, GeneCology Research Centre - LegacyAmy Robbins (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Science, Technology and EngineeringJonathan Hanger (Author) - Endeavour Veterinary Ecology Pty LtdPeter Timms (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, GeneCology Research Centre - Legacy
- Publication details
- Journal of Virology, Vol.95(7), pp.1-11
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Date published
- 2021
- DOI
- 10.1128/JVI.02084-20
- ISSN
- 1098-5514; 0022-538X
- PMID
- 33472936
- Copyright note
- Copyright © 2021 Quigley et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
- Organisation Unit
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Thompson Institute; School of Science, Technology and Engineering; Centre for Bioinnovation; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99506007502621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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