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Influence of β-diketones on the hydrolysis and growth of particles from zirconium(IV) n-propoxide
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Influence of β-diketones on the hydrolysis and growth of particles from zirconium(IV) n-propoxide

M J Percy, John R Bartlett, L Spiccia, B O West and J L Woolfrey
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, Vol.19(1-3), pp.315-319
2000
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008781515324
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https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008781515324View
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Abstract

Materials Engineering zirconia precursor chemistry particle growth β-diketones
The influence of low ligand/Zr mole ratios (ρ = 0-0.1) on the hydrolysis and growth of oligomers from Zr(OnPr)4 modified with a series of β-diketones (trifluoroacetylacetone, hexafluoroacetylacetone, benzoylacetone, dibenzoylmethane and dipivaloylmethane), and their subsequent aggregation to form uniform, dense spheres, has been investigated by light scattering and turbidometry. The addition of β-diketones results in a large increase in the induction time, ti (reduction in hydrolysis/condensation rates). A remarkable feature of the data is the dramatic reductions in rate observed even when a maximum of one in forty Zr-OR bonds have been replaced by the β-diketone and are no longer available for hydrolysis or further condensation. The largest effect is observed with dibenzoylmethane, which increases ti by a factor of 26 relative to acetylacetone. A mechanism rationalising the origin of the effect is discussed, which involves segregation of the β-diketone ligands on the surface of the growing particle, with subsequent particle growth restricted to those sites not occupied by the chelating ligands.

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Materials Science, Ceramics
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