In vitro biological control of Pyrrhoderma noxium using volatile compounds produced by termite gut-associated streptomycetes

Cherrihan Adra; Harrchun Panchalingam; Keith Foster; Russell Tomlin; R. Andrew Hayes; D. İpek Kurtböke

doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1371285

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In vitro biological control of Pyrrhoderma noxium using volatile compounds produced by termite gut-associated streptomycetes

Journal article

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In vitro biological control of Pyrrhoderma noxium using volatile compounds produced by termite gut-associated streptomycetes

Cherrihan Adra, Harrchun Panchalingam, Keith Foster, Russell Tomlin, R. Andrew Hayes and D. İpek Kurtböke

Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol.15, pp.1-13

2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1371285

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Abstract

antifungal compounds

Streptomyces

streptomycetes

termite gut symbiosis

termites

volatile organic compounds

Introduction: Pyrrhoderma noxium is a plant pathogen that causes economic losses in agricultural and forestry industries, including significant destruction to amenity trees within the city of Brisbane in Australia. Use of chemical control agents are restricted in public areas, there is therefore an urgent need to investigate biological control approaches. Members of the phylum Actinomycetota, commonly known as actinomycetes, are known for their industrially important secondary metabolites including antifungal agents. They have proven to be ideal candidates to produce environmentally friendly compounds including the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which can be used as biofumigants. Methods: Different Streptomyces species (n=15) previously isolated from the guts of termites and stored in the University of the Sunshine Coast’sMicrobial Library were tested for their antifungal VOCs against Pyrrhoderma noxium. Results: Fourteen of them were found to display inhibition (39.39-100%) to the mycelial development of the pathogen. Strongest antifungal activity displaying isolates USC-592, USC-595, USC-6910 and USC-6928 against the pathogen were selected for further investigations. Their VOCs were also found to have plant growth promotional activity observed for Arabidopsis thaliana with an increase of root length (22-36%) and shoot length (26-57%). The chlorophyll content of the test plant had a slight increase of 11.8% as well. Identified VOCs included geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol, 2-methylbutyrate, methylene cyclopentane, β-pinene, dimethyl disulfide, ethyl isovalerate, methoxyphenyl-oxime and α-pinene. Additionally, all 15 Streptomyces isolates were found to produce siderophores and indole acetic acid as well as the enzyme chitinase which is known to break down the fungal cell wall. Discussion: Findings indicate that termite gut-associated streptomycetes might be used to control Pyrrhoderma noxium by utilizing their wide range of inhibitory mechanisms.

Details

Title: In vitro biological control of Pyrrhoderma noxium using volatile compounds produced by termite gut-associated streptomycetes
Authors: Cherrihan Adra - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Science, Technology and Engineering
Harrchun Panchalingam - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Science, Technology and Engineering
Keith Foster - Brisbane City Council
Russell Tomlin - Brisbane City Council
R. Andrew Hayes - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Forest Industries Research Centre
D. İpek Kurtböke (Corresponding Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Science, Technology and Engineering
Publication details: Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol.15, pp.1-13
Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation
Date published: 2024
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1371285
ISSN: 1664-462X
Copyright note: © 2024 Adra, Panchalingam, Foster, Tomlin, Hayes and Kurtböke. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Data Availability: The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.
Grant note: Brisbane City Council, grant number R22_0098
Organisation Unit: Forest Industries Research Centre; School of Science, Technology and Engineering; Forest Research Institute
Language: English
Record Identifier: 991007484002621
Output Type: Journal article

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