Impact of dietary carbohydrate type and protein-carbohydrate interaction on metabolic health

Jibran A Wali; Annabelle J Milner; Alison W S  Luk; Tamara J Pulpitel; Tim Dodgson; Harrison J W  Facey; Devin Wahl; Melkam A Kebede; Alistair M Senior; Mitchell A Sullivan; Amanda E Brandon; Belinda Yau; Glen P Lockwood; Yen Chin Koay; Rosilene Ribeiro; Samantha M Solon-Biet; Kim S. Bell-Anderson; John F O'Sullivan; Laurence Macia; Josephine M Forbes; Gregory J cooney; Victoria C Cogger; Andrew Holmes; David Raubenheimer; David G Le Couteur; Stephen J Simpson

doi:10.1038/s42255-021-00393-9

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Impact of dietary carbohydrate type and protein-carbohydrate interaction on metabolic health

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Impact of dietary carbohydrate type and protein-carbohydrate interaction on metabolic health

Jibran A Wali, Annabelle J Milner, Alison W S Luk, Tamara J Pulpitel, Tim Dodgson, Harrison J W Facey, Devin Wahl, Melkam A Kebede, Alistair M Senior, Mitchell A Sullivan, …

Nature Metabolism, Vol.3, pp.810-828

2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-021-00393-9

PMID: 34099926

Abstract

biochemistry

homeostatis

nutrition

physiology

Reduced protein intake, through dilution with carbohydrate, extends lifespan and improves mid-life metabolic health in animal models. However, with transition to industrialised food systems, reduced dietary protein is associated with poor health outcomes in humans. Here we systematically interrogate the impact of carbohydrate quality in diets with varying carbohydrate and protein content. Studying 700 male mice on 33 isocaloric diets, we find that the type of carbohydrate and its digestibility profoundly shape the behavioural and physiological responses to protein dilution, modulate nutrient processing in the liver and alter the gut microbiota. Low (10%)-protein, high (70%)-carbohydrate diets promote the healthiest metabolic outcomes when carbohydrate comprises resistant starch (RS), yet the worst outcomes were with a 50:50 mixture of monosaccharides fructose and glucose. Our findings could explain the disparity between healthy, high-carbohydrate diets and the obesogenic impact of protein dilution by glucose-fructose mixtures associated with highly processed diets.

Details

Title: Impact of dietary carbohydrate type and protein-carbohydrate interaction on metabolic health
Authors: Jibran A Wali - University of Sydney
Annabelle J Milner - University of Sydney
Alison W S Luk - University of Sydney
Tamara J Pulpitel - University of Sydney
Tim Dodgson - University of Sydney
Harrison J W Facey - University of Sydney
Devin Wahl - University of Sydney
Melkam A Kebede - University of Sydney
Alistair M Senior - University of Sydney
Mitchell A Sullivan - University of Queensland
Amanda E Brandon - University of Sydney
Belinda Yau - University of Sydney
Glen P Lockwood - University of Sydney
Yen Chin Koay - University of Sydney
Rosilene Ribeiro - University of Sydney
Samantha M Solon-Biet - University of Sydney
Kim S. Bell-Anderson - University of Sydney
John F O'Sullivan - University of Sydney
Laurence Macia - University of Sydney
Josephine M Forbes - University of Queensland
Gregory J cooney - University of Sydney
Victoria C Cogger - Anzac Research Institute
Andrew Holmes - University of Sydney
David Raubenheimer - University of Sydney
David G Le Couteur - Anzac Research Institute
Stephen J Simpson (Corresponding Author) - University of Sydney
Publication details: Nature Metabolism, Vol.3, pp.810-828
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
Date published: 2021
DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00393-9
ISSN: 2522-5812
PMID: 34099926
Data Availability: The data that support the plots within this article and other findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request. Source data are provided with this paper.
Organisation Unit: School of Health - Biomedicine
Language: English
Record Identifier: 991035094702621
Output Type: Journal article