Hippocampal volume in older adults at risk of cognitive decline: the role of sleep, vascular risk, and depression

E L Elcombe; Jim Lagopoulos; S L Duffy; S J Lewis; L Norrie; I B Hickie; S L Naismith

doi:10.3233/JAD-142016

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Hippocampal volume in older adults at risk of cognitive decline: the role of sleep, vascular risk, and depression

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Hippocampal volume in older adults at risk of cognitive decline: the role of sleep, vascular risk, and depression

E L Elcombe, Jim Lagopoulos, S L Duffy, S J Lewis, L Norrie, I B Hickie and S L Naismith

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, Vol.44(4), pp.1279-1290

2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-142016

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Abstract

dementia

depression

hippocampus

hypertension

magnetic resonance imaging

mild cognitive impairment

sleep

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Decreased hippocampal volume in older adults is associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Several modifiable risk factors have been associated with the size of this structure, however the relative contribution of these factors to hippocampal atrophy is unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between modifiable risk factors and hippocampal volume in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. METHODS: Two hundred and eighteen participants (mean age = 67.3 years, MMSE = 28.6) with mood and/or memory complaints underwent clinical and neuropsychological assessment, and magnetic resonance imaging. Measures of depression, global cognitive functioning, exercise, vascular health, cognitive reserve, sleep, and memory were collected. Hippocampal volumes were derived using image segmentation as implemented by FMRIB Software Library. RESULTS: Smaller hippocampal volumes were strongly associated with poorer verbal learning and memory as well as diagnoses of either multiple or amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Based on univariate correlations, multivariable regressions were performed (controlling for age and total intracranial volume) to determine which modifiable risk factors were associated with hippocampal volume. For the left hippocampus, poor sleep efficiency and greater than five years untreated depressive illness remained significant predictors. For the right hippocampus, diabetes and low diastolic blood pressure significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Although their contribution is small, lower sleep efficiency, low blood pressure, diabetes, and untreated depression are associated with reduced hippocampal volumes. Studies exploring the impact of early intervention for these risk factors on hippocampal integrity are warranted.

Details

Title: Hippocampal volume in older adults at risk of cognitive decline: the role of sleep, vascular risk, and depression
Authors: E L Elcombe (Author) - University of Sydney
Jim Lagopoulos (Author) - University of Sydney
S L Duffy (Author) - University of Sydney
S J Lewis (Author) - University of Sydney
L Norrie (Author) - University of Sydney
I B Hickie (Author) - University of Sydney
S L Naismith (Author) - University of Sydney
Publication details: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, Vol.44(4), pp.1279-1290
Publisher: IOS Press
Date published: 2015
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-142016
ISSN: 1875-8908
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Thompson Institute
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99449575002621
Output Type: Journal article

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