Journal article
Geographic and phenotypic variation in heartwood and essential-oil characters in natural populations of santalum austrocaledonicum in Vanuatu
Chemistry and Biodiversity, Vol.7(8), pp.1990-2006
2010
Abstract
Phenotypic variation in heartwood and essential-oil characters of Santalum austrocaledonicum was assessed across eleven populations on seven islands of Vanuatu. Trees differed significantly in their percentage heartwood cross-sectional area and this varied independently of stem diameter. The concentrations of the four major essential-oil constituents (α-santalol, β-santalol, (Z)-β-curcumen-12-ol, and cis-nuciferol) of alcohol-extracted heartwood exhibited at least tenfold and continuous tree-to-tree variation. Commercially important components α- and β-santalol found in individual trees ranged from 0.8-47% and 0-24.1%, respectively, across all populations, and significant (P<0.05) differences for each were found between individual populations. The Erromango population was unique in that the mean concentrations of its monocyclic ((Z)-β-curcumen- 12-ol and cis-nuciferol) sesquiterpenes exceeded those of its bi- and tricyclic (α- and β-santalol) sesquiterpenes. Heartwood colour varied between trees and spanned 65 colour categories, but no identifiable relationships were found between heartwood colour and α- and β-santalol, although a weak relationship was evident between colour saturation and total oil concentration. These results indicate that the heartwood colour is not a reliable predictive trait for oil quality. The results of this study highlight the knowledge gaps in fundamental understanding of heartwood biology in Santalum genus. The intraspecific variation in heartwood cross-sectional area, oil concentration, and oil quality traits is of considerable importance to the domestication of sandalwood and present opportunities for the development of highly superior S. austrocaledonicum cultivars that conform to the industry's International Standards used for S. album. © 2010 Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta AG, Zürich.
Details
- Title
- Geographic and phenotypic variation in heartwood and essential-oil characters in natural populations of santalum austrocaledonicum in Vanuatu
- Authors
- Tony Page (Author) - James Cook UniversityI Southwell (Author) - Wollongbar Agricultural InstituteM Russell (Author) - Wollongbar Agricultural InstituteH Tate (Author) - Vanuatu Department of Forests, VanuatuJ Tungon (Author) - Vanuatu Department of Forests, VanuatuC Sam (Author) - Vanuatu Department of Forests, VanuatuGeoffrey R Dickinson (Author) - Queensland Department of Primary Industries and FisheriesK Robson (Author) - Queensland Department of Primary Industries and FisheriesR R B Leakey (Author) - James Cook University
- Publication details
- Chemistry and Biodiversity, Vol.7(8), pp.1990-2006
- Publisher
- Wiley - V C H Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA
- Date published
- 2010
- DOI
- 10.1002/cbdv.200900382
- ISSN
- 1612-1872
- Organisation Unit
- School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; Australian Centre for Pacific Islands Research; Tropical Forests and People Research Centre; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; GeneCology Research Centre - Legacy; Forest Industries Research Centre; Forest Research Institute
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99449193102621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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