Journal article
Genetic effects on alcohol dependence risk: re-evaluating the importance of psychiatric and other heritable risk factors
Psychological Medicine, Vol.34(8), pp.1519-1530
2004
Abstract
Background. Genetic influences have been shown to play a major role in determining the risk of alcohol dependence (AD) in both women and men; however, little attention has been directed to identifying the major sources of genetic variation in AD risk. Method. Diagnostic telephone interview data from young adult Australian twin pairs born between 1964 and 1971 were analyzed. Cox regression models were fitted to interview data from a total of 2708 complete twin pairs (690 MZ female, 485 MZ male, 500 DZ female, 384 DZ male, and 649 DZ female/male pairs). Structural equation models were fitted to determine the extent of residual genetic and environmental influences on AD risk while controlling for effects of sociodemographic and psychiatric predictors on risk. Results. Risk of AD was increased in males, in Roman Catholics, in those reporting a history of major depression, social anxiety problems, and conduct disorder, or (in females only) a history of suicide attempt and childhood sexual abuse; but was decreased in those reporting Baptist, Methodist, or Orthodox religion, in those who reported weekly church attendance, and in university-educated males. After allowing for the effects of sociodemographic and psychiatric predictors, 47% (95% CI 28-55) of the residual variance in alcoholism risk was attributable to additive genetic effects, 0% (95% CI 0-14) to shared environmental factors, and 53% (95% CI 45-63) to non-shared environmental influences. Conclusions. Controlling for other risk factors, substantial residual heritability of AD was observed, suggesting that psychiatric and other risk factors play a minor role in the inheritance of AD.
Details
- Title
- Genetic effects on alcohol dependence risk: re-evaluating the importance of psychiatric and other heritable risk factors
- Authors
- V S Knopik (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United StatesA C Heath (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United StatesP A F Madden (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United StatesK K Bucholz (Author) - Washington University School of Medicine, United StatesW S Slutske (Author) - University of Missouri, United StatesE C Nelson (Author) - University of Missouri, United StatesDixie J Statham (Author) - Queensland Institute of Medical ResearchJ B Whitfield (Author) - Royal Prince Alfred HospitalN G Martin (Author) - Queensland Institute of Medical Research
- Publication details
- Psychological Medicine, Vol.34(8), pp.1519-1530
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Date published
- 2004
- DOI
- 10.1017/S0033291704002922
- ISSN
- 0033-2917
- Copyright note
- Copyright © 2004 Cambridge University Press. The published version is reproduced here in accordance with the publisher's copyright policy.
- Organisation Unit
- School of Social Sciences - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99449410102621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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- Domestic collaboration
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- Psychiatry
- Psychology
- Psychology, Clinical
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