Fuel feedstock determines biodiesel exhaust toxicity in a human airway epithelial cell exposure model

Katherine R Landwehr; Jessica Hillas; Ryan Mead-Hunter; Peter Brooks; Andrew King; Rebecca A O’Leary; Anthony Kicic; Benjamin J Mullins; Alexander N Larcombe

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126637

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Fuel feedstock determines biodiesel exhaust toxicity in a human airway epithelial cell exposure model

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Fuel feedstock determines biodiesel exhaust toxicity in a human airway epithelial cell exposure model

Katherine R Landwehr, Jessica Hillas, Ryan Mead-Hunter, Peter Brooks, Andrew King, Rebecca A O’Leary, Anthony Kicic, Benjamin J Mullins and Alexander N Larcombe

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol.420, pp.1-12

2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126637

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Abstract

biodiesel

exhaust exposure

health

in vitro exposure model

vehicle emissions

Background: Biodiesel is promoted as a sustainable replacement for commercial diesel. Biodiesel fuel and exhaust properties change depending on the base feedstock oil/fat used during creation. The aims of this study were, for the first time, to compare the exhaust exposure health impacts of a wide range of biodiesels made from different feedstocks and relate these effects with the corresponding exhaust characteristics. Method: Primary airway epithelial cells were exposed to diluted exhaust from an engine running on conventional diesel and biodiesel made from Soy, Canola, Waste Cooking Oil, Tallow, Palm and Cottonseed. Exhaust properties and cellular viability and mediator release were analysed post exposure. Results: The exhaust physico-chemistry of Tallow biodiesel was the most different to diesel as well as the most toxic, with exposure resulting in significantly decreased cellular viability (95.8 ± 6.5%) and increased release of several immune mediators including IL-6 (+223.11 ± 368.83 pg/mL) and IL-8 (+1516.17 ± 2908.79 pg/mL) above Air controls. In contrast Canola biodiesel was the least toxic with exposure only increasing TNF-α (4.91 ± 8.61). Conclusion: This study, which investigated the toxic effects for the largest range of biodiesels, shows that exposure to different exhausts results in a spectrum of toxic effects in vitro when combusted under identical conditions.

Details

Title: Fuel feedstock determines biodiesel exhaust toxicity in a human airway epithelial cell exposure model
Authors: Katherine R Landwehr (Author) - Curtin University
Jessica Hillas (Author) - Perth Children's Hospital
Ryan Mead-Hunter (Author) - Curtin University
Peter Brooks (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Science, Technology and Engineering
Andrew King (Author) - Curtin University
Rebecca A O’Leary (Author) - Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development
Anthony Kicic (Author) - Curtin University
Benjamin J Mullins (Author) - Curtin University
Alexander N Larcombe (Author) - Curtin University
Publication details: Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol.420, pp.1-12
Publisher: Elsevier B.V
Date published: 2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126637
ISSN: 1873-3336
Organisation Unit: Centre for Bioinnovation; School of Science, Technology and Engineering; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99575208902621
Output Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences

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