Fragmented mitochondrial genomes are present in both major clades of the blood-sucking lice (suborder Anoplura): evidence from two Hoplopleura rodent lice (family Hoplopleuridae)

Wen-Ge Dong; Simon Song; Xian-Guo Guo; Dao-Chao Jin; Qianqian Yang; Stephen C Barker; Renfu Shao

doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-751

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Fragmented mitochondrial genomes are present in both major clades of the blood-sucking lice (suborder Anoplura): evidence from two Hoplopleura rodent lice (family Hoplopleuridae)

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Fragmented mitochondrial genomes are present in both major clades of the blood-sucking lice (suborder Anoplura): evidence from two Hoplopleura rodent lice (family Hoplopleuridae)

Wen-Ge Dong, Simon Song, Xian-Guo Guo, Dao-Chao Jin, Qianqian Yang, Stephen C Barker and Renfu Shao

BMC Genomics, Vol.15, 751

2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-15-751

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Abstract

mitochondrial genome

genome fragmentation

minichromosome

chromosome evolution

sucking lice

Background: The suborder Anoplura contains 540 species of blood-sucking lice that parasitize over 840 species of eutherian mammals. Fragmented mitochondrial (mt) genomes have been found in the lice of humans, pigs, horses and rats from four families: Pediculidae, Pthiridae, Haematopinidae and Polyplacidae. These lice, eight species in total, are from the same major clade of the Anoplura. The mt genomes of these lice consist of 9?20 minichromosomes; each minichromosome is 1.5?4?kb in size and has 1?8 genes. To understand mt genome fragmentation in the other major clade of the Anoplura, we sequenced the mt genomes of two species of rodent lice in the genus Hoplopleura (family Hoplopleuridae). Results: We identified 28 mt genes on 10 minichromosomes in the mouse louse, Ho. akanezumi; each minichromosome is 1.7?2.7?kb long and has 1?6 genes. We identified 34 mt genes on 11 minichromosomes in the rat louse, Ho. kitti; each minichromosome is 1.8?2.8?kb long and has 1?5 genes. Ho. akanezumi also has a chimeric minichromosome with parts of two rRNA genes and a full-length tRNA gene for tyrosine. These two rodent lice share the same pattern for the distribution of all of the protein-coding and rRNA genes but differ in tRNA gene content and gene arrangement in four minichromosomes. Like the four genera of blood-sucking lice that have been investigated in previous studies, the Hoplopleura species have four minichromosomes that are only found in this genus. Conclusions: Our results indicate that fragmented mt genomes were present in the most recent common ancestor of the two major clades of the blood-sucking lice, which lived ~75 million years ago. Intra-genus variation in the pattern of mt genome fragmentation is common in the blood-sucking lice (suborder Anoplura) and genus-specific minichromosomes are potential synapomorphies. Future studies should expand into more species, genera and families of blood-sucking lice to explore further the phylogenetic utility of the novel features associated with fragmented mt genomes

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Title: Fragmented mitochondrial genomes are present in both major clades of the blood-sucking lice (suborder Anoplura): evidence from two Hoplopleura rodent lice (family Hoplopleuridae)
Authors: Wen-Ge Dong (Author) - Guizhou University, China
Simon Song (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering
Xian-Guo Guo (Author) - Dali University, China
Dao-Chao Jin (Author) - Guizhou University, China
Qianqian Yang (Author) - China Agricultural University, China
Stephen C Barker (Author) - University of Queensland
Renfu Shao (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering
Publication details: BMC Genomics, Vol.15, 751; 13
Publisher: BioMed Central Ltd.
Date published: 2014
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-751
ISSN: 1471-2164
Copyright note: Copyright © 2014 Dong, etal; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This published version is reproduced in accordance with this policy.
Organisation Unit: School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Science, Technology and Engineering; Centre for Bioinnovation
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99449013802621
Output Type: Journal article

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