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Published VersionCC BY-NC-ND V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Familial assessment and lineage mapping of type 1 diabetes in Ahmedabad India
Discover Public Health, Vol.22(1), pp.1-8
2025
Abstract
Introduction
India has the highest global burden of paediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet data on familial aggregation are scarce. Familial clustering may reveal genetic and environmental drivers, aiding early detection strategies in high-risk groups.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1,199 individuals with T1D registered at a tertiary diabetes centre in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Demographic data, age at onset, glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody status, and detailed history were recorded. Sibling onset intervals and gender/birth-order patterns were analysed descriptively.
Results
Parental T1D was documented in 4 mothers and 4 fathers. Among affected mothers, 2 had mother–son pairs, 1 had a mother–daughter pair, and 1 had both a son and a daughter with T1D. Affected fathers showed 3 father–son and 1 father–daughter pairs. One bi-parental T1D family had an affected child. Among 22 sibling pairs, 5 were concordant male pairs, 7 were concordant female pairs, and 10 were discordant-gender pairs. Median [IQR] age at T1D onset was 10 [4–12] years in index cases and 13 [8–16] years in siblings. All index cases presented in diabetic ketoacidosis, while 23% of siblings were diagnosed without DKA, facilitated by caregiver vigilance. GAD titres demonstrated heterogeneity.
Conclusion
Familial T1D clustering in this Indian cohort highlights both parental and sibling transmission, reflecting complex genetic and environmental interactions rather than simple mendelian inheritance. These findings underscore the need for targeted family-based screening and surveillance to enable earlier diagnosis and prevention in high-risk groups.
Details
- Title
- Familial assessment and lineage mapping of type 1 diabetes in Ahmedabad India
- Authors
- Banshi Saboo - Diabetes Care & Hormone ClinicMahira Saiyed (Corresponding Author) - Diabetes Care & Hormone ClinicSteven James - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health - NursingKomal Shah - Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar
- Publication details
- Discover Public Health, Vol.22(1), pp.1-8
- Publisher
- BioMed Central Ltd.
- Date published
- 2025
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12982-025-01204-2
- ISSN
- 3005-0774
- Copyright note
- This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.
- Data Availability
- The datasets analysed during the current study are not publicly available due to the inclusion of sensitive patient health information and the need to maintain participant confidentiality, as required by institutional ethics guidelines. However, data may be made available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
- Organisation Unit
- School of Health - Nursing
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 991192144302621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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