Emerging tropical diseases in Australia. Part 5. Hendra Virus

S M Tulsiani; Glenn C Graham; P R Moore; C C Jansen; A F Van Den Hurk; F A J Moore; R J Simmons; Scott B Craig

doi:10.1179/136485911X12899838413547

Back

Emerging tropical diseases in Australia. Part 5. Hendra Virus

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Emerging tropical diseases in Australia. Part 5. Hendra Virus

S M Tulsiani, Glenn C Graham, P R Moore, C C Jansen, A F Van Den Hurk, F A J Moore, R J Simmons and Scott B Craig

Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Vol.105(1), pp.1-11

2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1179/136485911X12899838413547

Files and links (1)

url

https://doi.org/10.1179/136485911X12899838413547View

Published Version

Abstract

Hendra virus

Australia

diseases

Hendra virus (HeV) was first isolated in 1994, from a disease outbreak involving at least 21 horses and two humans in the Brisbane suburb of Hendra, Australia. The affected horses and humans all developed a severe but unidentified respiratory disease that resulted in the deaths of one of the human cases and the deaths or putting down of 14 of the horses. The virus, isolated by culture from a horse and the kidney of the fatal human case, was initially characterised as a new member of the genus Morbillivirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. Comparative sequence analysis of part of the matrix protein gene of the virus and the discovery that the virus had an exceptionally large genome subsequently led to HeV being assigned to a new genus, Henipavirus, along with Nipah virus (a newly emergent virus in pigs). The regular outbreaks of HeV-related disease that have occurred in Australia since 1994 have all been characterised by acute respiratory and neurological manifestations, with high levels of morbidity and mortality in the affected horses and humans. The modes of transmission of HeV remain largely unknown. Although fruit bats have been identified as natural hosts of the virus, direct bat-horse, bat-human or human-human transmission has not been reported. Human infection can occur via exposure to infectious urine, saliva or nasopharyngeal fluid from horses. The treatment options and efficacy are very limited and no vaccine exists. Reports on the outbreaks of HeV in Australia are collated in this review and the available data on the biology, transmission and detection of the pathogen are summarized and discussed.

Details

Title: Emerging tropical diseases in Australia. Part 5. Hendra Virus
Authors: S M Tulsiani (Author) - Queensland Health Forensics and Scientific Services
Glenn C Graham (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health and Education
P R Moore (Author) - Queensland Health Forensics and Scientific Services
C C Jansen (Author) - CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences
A F Van Den Hurk (Author) - Queensland Health Forensics and Scientific Services
F A J Moore (Author) - Queensland Health Forensics and Scientific Services
R J Simmons (Author) - Queensland Health Forensics and Scientific Services
Scott B Craig (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health and Education
Publication details: Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Vol.105(1), pp.1-11
Publisher: Maney Publishing
Date published: 2011
DOI: 10.1179/136485911X12899838413547
ISSN: 0003-4983
Organisation Unit: School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99449983002621
Output Type: Journal article

Metrics

5 File views/ downloads

820 Record Views

17 Times Cited - Web of Science

InCites Highlights

These are selected metrics from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool, related to this output

Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Parasitology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine

UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This output has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:

Source: InCites