Journal article
Emerging roles of urotensin-II in cardiovascular disease
Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vol.103(3), pp.223-243
2004
Abstract
Urotensin-II (UII) is a highly potent endogenous peptide within the cardiovascular system. Through stimulation of Gαq-coupled UT receptors, UII mediates contraction of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation, and positive inotropy in human right atrium and ventricle. A pathogenic role of the UT receptor system is emerging in cardiovascular disease states, with evidence for up-regulation of the UT receptor system in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), pulmonary hypertension, cirrhosis and portal hypertension, and chronic renal failure. In vitro and in vivo studies show that under pathophysiological conditions, UII might contribute to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, extracellular matrix production, enhanced vasoconstriction, vascular smooth muscle cell hyperplasia, and endothelial cell hyper-permeability. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the UII gene may also impart a genetic predisposition of patients to diabetes. Therefore, the UT receptor system is a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of cardiac, pulmonary, and renal diseases. UT receptor antagonists are currently being developed to prevent and/or reverse the effects of over-activated UT receptors by the endogenous ligand. This review describes UII peptide and converting enzymes, and UT receptors in the cardiovascular system, focusing on pathophysiological roles of UII in the heart and blood vessels.
Details
- Title
- Emerging roles of urotensin-II in cardiovascular disease
- Authors
- Fraser D Russell (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health and Education
- Publication details
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vol.103(3), pp.223-243
- Publisher
- Elsevier Inc.
- Date published
- 2004
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.07.004
- ISSN
- 0163-7258
- Organisation Unit
- School of Health - Biomedicine; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health and Sport Sciences - Legacy; Centre for Bioinnovation; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99450151302621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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