Journal article
Effects of cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise training on cerebrovascular blood flow and reactivity: a systematic review with meta-analyses
American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Vol.321(1), pp.H59-H76
2021
PMID: 34018848
Abstract
Background: We address two aims; Aim 1 (Fitness Review) compare the effect of higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) (e.g. endurance athletes) with lower CRF (e.g. sedentary adults) on cerebrovascular outcomes, including middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) as assessed by Transcranial Doppler (TCD) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Aim 2 (Exercise Training Review) determine the effect of exercise training on cerebrovascular outcomes. Methods: Systematic review of studies with meta-analyses where appropriate. Certainty of evidence was assessed by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Twenty studies (18 using TCD) met the eligibility criteria for Aim 1 and 14 studies (8 using TCD) were included for Aim 2. There was a significant effect of higher compared with lower CRF on cerebrovascular resistance index (effect size, 95% confidence interval), (-0.54, -0.91 to -0.16) and cerebrovascular reactivity (0.98, 0.41 to 1.55). Studies including males only demonstrated a greater effect of higher CRF on cerebrovascular resistance index than mixed or female studies (male only: -0.69, -1.06 to -0.32, mixed and female studies (0.10, -0.28 to 0.49). Exercise training did not increase MCAv (0.05, -0.21 to 0.31), although there was a small improvement trending to significant in cerebrovascular reactivity (0.60, -0.08 to 1.28; p=0.09). Exercise training showed heterogeneous effects on regional, but little effect on global cerebral blood flow as measured by MRI. Conclusions: High CRF positively effects cerebrovascular function, including decreased CVRi and increased CVRCO2 however, global cerebral blood flow and MCAv is primarily unchanged following an exercise intervention in healthy and clinical populations.
Details
- Title
- Effects of cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise training on cerebrovascular blood flow and reactivity: a systematic review with meta-analyses
- Authors
- Emily C Smith (Author) - The University of QueenslandFaith K Pizzey (Author) - The University of QueenslandChristopher Askew (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health and Sport Sciences - LegacyGregore I Mielke (Author) - The University of QueenslandPhilip Ainslie (Author) - University of British ColumbiaJeff S Coombes (Author) - The University of QueenslandTom Bailey (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health and Sport Sciences - Legacy
- Publication details
- American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Vol.321(1), pp.H59-H76
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Date published
- 2021
- DOI
- 10.1152/ajpheart.00880.2020
- ISSN
- 1522-1539
- PMID
- 34018848
- Organisation Unit
- UniSC Clinical Trials Centre; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Cancer Research Cluster; School of Health - Sports & Exercise Science; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99531806702621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web Of Science research areas
- Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Physiology
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