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Published VersionCC BY V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Effects of Raw Material Source on the Properties of CMC Composite Films
Polymers, Vol.14(1), pp.1-15
2022
PMCID: PMC8747165
PMID: 35012053
Abstract
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) can be derived from a variety of cellulosic materials and is widely used in petroleum mining, construction, paper making, and packaging. CMCs can be derived from many sources with the final properties reflecting the characteristics of the original lignocellulosic matrix as well as the subsequent separation steps that affect the degree of carboxy methyl substitution on the cellulose hydroxyls. While a large percentage of CMCs is derived from wood pulp, many other plant sources may produce more attractive properties for specific applications. The effects of five plant sources on the resulting properties of CMC and CMC/sodium alginate/glycerol composite films were studied. The degree of substitution and resulting tensile strength in leaf-derived CMC was from 0.87 to 0.89 and from 15.81 to 16.35 MPa, respectively, while the degree of substitution and resulting tensile strength in wooden materials-derived CMC were from 1.08 to 1.17 and from 26.08 to 28.97 MPa, respectively. Thus, the degree of substitution and resulting tensile strength tended to be 20% lower in leaf-derived CMCs compared to those prepared from wood or bamboo. Microstructures of bamboo cellulose, bamboo CMC powder, and bamboo leaf CMC composites' films all differed from pine-derived material, but plant source had no noticeable effect on the X-ray diffraction characteristics, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra, or pyrolysis properties of CMC or composites films. The results highlighted the potential for using plant source as a tool for varying CMC properties for specific applications.
Details
- Title
- Effects of Raw Material Source on the Properties of CMC Composite Films
- Authors
- Yao Yao (Author) - Southwest Forestry UniversityZhenbing Sun (Author) - Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaXiaobao Li (Author) - Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaZhengjie Tang (Author) - Southwest Forestry UniversityXiaoping Li (Author) - Southwest Forestry UniversityJeffrey J Morrell (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, National Centre for Timber Durability and Design LifeYang Liu (Author) - Jinan UniversityChunli Li (Author) - Southwest Forestry UniversityZhinan Luo (Author) - Southwest Forestry University
- Publication details
- Polymers, Vol.14(1), pp.1-15
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Date published
- 2022
- DOI
- 10.3390/polym14010032
- ISSN
- 2073-4360
- PMID
- 35012053; PMC8747165
- Copyright note
- Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- Organisation Unit
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; National Centre for Timber Durability and Design Life; Forest Research Institute
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99603407102621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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- Domestic collaboration
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- Web Of Science research areas
- Polymer Science