Effect of Caerin 1.9 Antimicrobial Peptide Gel on Early Bacterial Infections in Oral Titanium Implants: An Animal Study

Hang You; Jiangling Sun; Li Qin; Quanlan Fu; Meiyan Rong; Tianfang Wang; Hejie Li; Xiaosong Liu; Guoying Ni; Wei Yang

doi:10.1016/j.identj.2025.103991

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Effect of Caerin 1.9 Antimicrobial Peptide Gel on Early Bacterial Infections in Oral Titanium Implants: An Animal Study

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Effect of Caerin 1.9 Antimicrobial Peptide Gel on Early Bacterial Infections in Oral Titanium Implants: An Animal Study

Hang You, Jiangling Sun, Li Qin, Quanlan Fu, Meiyan Rong, Tianfang Wang, Hejie Li, Xiaosong Liu, Guoying Ni and Wei Yang

International Dental Journal, Vol.76(1), pp.1-11

2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.103991

PMCID: PMC12681546

PMID: 41270443

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Abstract

Oral titanium metallic implants

Antimicrobial peptides

Mixed infections

Animal experiments

Objective The current study aims to investigate the antibacterial potential of caerin 1.9 in the form of a thermo-sensitive gel for prevention and management of early postoperative infection of oral titanium metallic implants. Methods Twenty-two New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups: the F3 (caerin 1.9) group (n = 8), the control group (n = 8), and the blank group (n = 6). The early infection model of implant was established by implanting the micro-titanium nail after oral mixed bacteria drip into the mandible. The F3 group was given early intervention with caerin 1.9 at the same time, and the control group was given the same amount of PBS. The blank group underwent simulated surgical procedures without any treatment. Postoperative conditions were monitored, and local symptoms were evaluated. The bacterial load around the implants, peripheral blood white blood cell counts, and inflammatory responses in both soft and hard tissues were analyzed by HE staining. Results On the 7th or 14th day post-surgery, the number of white blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes, the content of inflammatory factors in soft tissue in the surgical area, the infiltration of inflammatory cells in bone tissue around the implantation cavity, and the total amount of bacteria around the implantation cavity in the F3 group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Caerin 1.9 antibacterial peptide gel can reduce bacterial load, decrease inflammatory response, accelerate anti-inflammatory process, and prevent the occurrence of early implant infection. Clinical Relevance Caerin 1.9 antimicrobial peptide gel is a non-antibiotic strategy for preventing early-stage implant-related infections and a promising future adjunct to clinical implant materials for reducing bacterial adhesion and supporting early wound healing.

Details

Title: Effect of Caerin 1.9 Antimicrobial Peptide Gel on Early Bacterial Infections in Oral Titanium Implants: An Animal Study
Authors: Hang You (Author) - Zunyi Medical University
Jiangling Sun (Author) - Guiyang Stomatology Hospital (China)
Li Qin (Author) - Guiyang Stomatology Hospital (China)
Quanlan Fu (Author) - Zhongao Bio-pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. (China)
Meiyan Rong (Author) - Zunyi Medical University
Tianfang Wang - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Science, Technology and Engineering
Hejie Li (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Science, Technology and Engineering
Xiaosong Liu (Author) - Guangzhou First People's Hospital
Guoying Ni (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Centre for Bioinnovation
Wei Yang (Corresponding Author) - Zunyi Medical University
Publication details: International Dental Journal, Vol.76(1), pp.1-11
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date published: 2026
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.103991
ISSN: 1875-595X
PMID: 41270443; PMC12681546
Copyright note: 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of FDI World Dental Federation. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Grant note: This project was supported by Guizhou Provincial Department of Science and Technology (Qiankehe support normal [2022] No. 196 and [2022] No. 272).
Organisation Unit: School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; GeneCology Research Centre - Legacy; School of Science, Technology and Engineering
Language: English
Record Identifier: 991184644202621
Output Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

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