Dynamic ultrasound enables quantitative assessment of medial knee instability: A scoping review

Paulo Roberto de Queiroz Szeles; Leonardo Addêo Ramos; André Fukunishi Yamada; Moisés Cohen; Mark Sayers; Benno Ejnisman

doi:10.1002/jeo2.70606

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Dynamic ultrasound enables quantitative assessment of medial knee instability: A scoping review

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Dynamic ultrasound enables quantitative assessment of medial knee instability: A scoping review

Paulo Roberto de Queiroz Szeles, Leonardo Addêo Ramos, André Fukunishi Yamada, Moisés Cohen, Mark Sayers and Benno Ejnisman

Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics, Vol.13(1), pp.1-11

2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70606

PMID: 41522790

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Abstract

musculoskeletal ultrasound

valgus stress test

diagnostic reliability

medial knee instability

Purpose To map the scientific literature on the use of dynamic ultrasound in the assessment of medial knee instability. Methods Primary (clinical or experimental) and secondary studies that used dynamic ultrasound to assess medial knee opening were included. There were no restrictions on language or date. Sources of information: The searches were conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and CINAHL databases. Data selection and extraction The process of data selection and extraction was conducted by two independent reviewers. The information was organised into thematic tables and a conceptual matrix was developed based on the components of population, concept, and context. Results Ten studies were included: two biomechanical, six clinical, and two reviews. Ultrasound demonstrated good reliability in measuring medial opening and distinguishing between injured and normal knees. Heterogeneity was observed in the stress protocols, evaluation angles, units of measurement, and anatomical points. Conclusions Dynamic ultrasound presents consolidated clinical potential in the assessment of medial knee instability. Standardisation of methods and additional clinical validation are necessary. Level of Evidence Not applicable.

Details

Title: Dynamic ultrasound enables quantitative assessment of medial knee instability: A scoping review
Authors: Paulo Roberto de Queiroz Szeles (Corresponding Author) - Universidade de São Paulo
Leonardo Addêo Ramos - Universidade Federal de São Paulo
André Fukunishi Yamada - Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Moisés Cohen - Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Mark Sayers - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health - Sports & Exercise Science
Benno Ejnisman - Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Publication details: Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics, Vol.13(1), pp.1-11
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Date published: 2026
DOI: 10.1002/jeo2.70606
ISSN: 2197-1153
PMID: 41522790
Copyright note: © 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Data Availability: All data extracted and synthesised during this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Organisation Unit: School of Health - High Performance Sport; School of Health - Sports & Exercise Science
Language: English
Record Identifier: 991199951002621
Output Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Orthopedics; Surgery