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Published VersionCC BY V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Discovery and Genomic Characterisation of Novel Papillomaviruses in Australian Wild Birds
Pathogens, Vol.14(6), pp.1-13
2025
PMID: 40559522
Abstract
Papillomaviruses are small, circular DNA viruses that infect epithelial and mucosal cells, which have co-evolved with their hosts over time. While certain mammalian papillomaviruses—especially those linked to disease—are well studied, there is limited knowledge about papillomaviruses associated with avian species. In this study, we identified two avian papillomaviruses from eye/choana swabs of the sacred kingfisher (Todiramphus sanctus) and the little corella (Cacatua sanguinea), collected in Queensland, Australia. The genomes of these viruses, designated as todiramphus sanctus papillomavirus 1 (TsPV1) and cacatua sanguinea papillomavirus 1 (CsPV1), were found to be 7883 and 7825 base pairs in length, respectively. The TsPV1 and CsPV1 genomes exhibited the highest nucleotide sequence identity (>56%) with papillomavirus genomes previously sequenced from mallards or wild ducks in the United States, followed by those from black-legged kittiwakes and Atlantic puffins (>54%) in Newfoundland, Canada. Both TsPV1 and CsPV1 share approximately a 65% nucleotide sequence identity in the L1 gene with anas platyrhynchos papillomavirus 3 (AplaPV3), indicating that they represent novel avian papillomaviruses. Notably, the two genomes in this study were nearly identical (99.69%), and their L1 proteins shared 100% sequence identity. Phylogenetic analysis positioned TsPV1 and CsPV1 within a clade of avian papillomaviruses associated with closely related avian hosts, including the mallard, African grey parrot, common chaffinch, and Atlantic canary. These findings underscore the importance of further research on studying additional Australian bird species longitudinally, which will help to establish potential disease associations and ecological impacts of previously unrecognised and novel papillomaviruses in Australian wild birds.
Details
- Title
- Discovery and Genomic Characterisation of Novel Papillomaviruses in Australian Wild Birds
- Authors
- Subir Sarker (Corresponding Author) - James Cook UniversityVasilli Kasimov - Griffith UniversityMd. Mizanur Rahaman - James Cook UniversityBabu Kanti Nath - Charles Sturt UniversityMartina Jelocnik - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Centre for Bioinnovation
- Publication details
- Pathogens, Vol.14(6), pp.1-13
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Date published
- 2025
- DOI
- 10.3390/pathogens14060514
- ISSN
- 2076-0817
- PMID
- 40559522
- Copyright note
- © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- Data Availability
- Nucleotide sequences and associated data for the TsPV1 and CsPV1 genomes are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession numbers PP922140–PP922141. The raw sequencing data from this study have been deposited in the NCBI Sequence Read Achieve (SRA) under the accession numbers SRR31823170–SRR31823171 and the BioProject accession number: PRJNA1202390 (BioSample accession numbers: SAMN45957023–SAMN45957024).
- Organisation Unit
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering; Centre for Bioinnovation
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 991130066902621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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