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Degradable magnesium implants with Caerin 1.9-polycaprolactone-coatings provide extended antibacterial resistance and outstanding biocompatibility
Biomaterials Research, Vol.29, pp.1-18
2025
PMCID: PMC12559799
PMID: 41164087
Abstract
Implant-associated infections and foreign body responses remain major challenges in orthopaedic and biomedical implant applications. In this study, we report a novel strategy to enhance the antibacterial and biocompatibility properties of magnesium (Mg) alloy implants by applying a biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) coating embedded with the host-defence peptide, caerin 1.9(F3). Three Mg-based specimens, including pure Mg, cold-extruded AZ31, and fully annealed AZ31(3A), were evaluated following PCL-F3 surface modification. The PCL-F3 coatings demonstrated sustained antibacterial efficacy both in vitro and in vivo, effectively inhibiting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) for up to 168 hours. Among the groups, the 3A-PCL-F3 condition exhibited the most notable performance, with significantly enhanced corrosion resistance, reduced inflammatory responses, and no detectable toxicity to vital organs. In vivo proteomic and metabolomic analyses further revealed that the 3A-PCL-F3 implants promoted the expression of osteogenic markers and activated pathways related to bone mineralisation and haemostasis, while avoiding prolonged inflammatory activation at three months post-implantation. Notably, histological and cytokine ELISA data confirmed favourable tissue responses, including suppressedIL-1β and IL-10 levels and signs of early immune activation that subsided over time. These findings indicate that PCL-F3-coated Mg alloys, particularly the 3A variant, represent a promising solution for biodegradable implants with dual antibacterial and regenerative functionality. This work lays the foundation for developing degradable Mg alloy biomaterials with enhanced biocompatibility and multifunction for clinical use.
Details
- Title
- Degradable magnesium implants with Caerin 1.9-polycaprolactone-coatings provide extended antibacterial resistance and outstanding biocompatibility
- Authors
- Hejie Li (Corresponding Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, GeneCology Research Centre - LegacyXiaosong Liu - First People's Hospital of FoshanGuoying Ni - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Centre for BioinnovationGuoqiang Chen - First People's Hospital of FoshanXiaohong He - First People's Hospital of FoshanPingping Zhang - First People's Hospital of FoshanYuandong Luo - First People's Hospital of FoshanQuanlan Fu - First People's Hospital of FoshanJunjie Li - Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityShuxian Tang - First People's Hospital of FoshanGuowei NiZhengyi Jiang - University of WollongongTsuyoshi Furushima - The University of TokyoDamon Kent (Corresponding Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Science, Technology and EngineeringBin ZhuTianfang Wang (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Science, Technology and Engineering
- Publication details
- Biomaterials Research, Vol.29, pp.1-18
- Publisher
- American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
- Date published
- 2025
- DOI
- 10.34133/bmr.0257
- ISSN
- 2055-7124
- PMID
- 41164087; PMC12559799
- Data Availability
- All data are available in the main text or the supplementary materials.
- Grants
- Bioresorbable Metal Implants with Controlled Degradation and Long-lasting Antibacterial Performance, 0980027624, University of the Sunshine Coast (Australia, Sunshine Coast) - UniSC
- Grant note
- This work was supported by JSPS research grant (P16718), Natural Science Foundation ofGuangdong Province (2020A1515010855), Deng Feng Project of Foshan First People’s Hospital (2019A008), Genecology MCR SeedFunding of University of the Sunshine Coast.
- Organisation Unit
- School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; GeneCology Research Centre - Legacy; School of Science, Technology and Engineering; Centre for Bioinnovation
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 991167745502621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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