Coulometric Sodium Chloride Removal System with Nafion Membrane for Seawater Sample Treatment

E Grygolowicz-Pawlak; Manzar Sohail; M Pawlak; B Neel; A Shvarev; Roland De Marco; Eric Bakker

doi:10.1021/ac301096r

Back

Coulometric Sodium Chloride Removal System with Nafion Membrane for Seawater Sample Treatment

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Coulometric Sodium Chloride Removal System with Nafion Membrane for Seawater Sample Treatment

E Grygolowicz-Pawlak, Manzar Sohail, M Pawlak, B Neel, A Shvarev, Roland De Marco and Eric Bakker

Analytical Chemistry, Vol.84(14), p.6158–6165

2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ac301096r

Files and links (1)

url

https://doi.org/10.1021/ac301096rView

Published Version

Abstract

Seawater analysis is one of the most challenging in the field of environmental monitoring, mainly due to disparate concentration levels between the analyte and the salt matrix causing interferences in a variety of analytical techniques. We propose here a miniature electrochemical sample pretreatment system for a rapid removal of NaCl utilizing the coaxial arrangement of an electrode and a tubular Nafion membrane. Upon electrolysis, chloride is deposited at the Ag electrode as AgCl and the sodium counterions are transported across the membrane. This cell was found to work efficiently at potentials higher than 400 mV in both stationary and flow injection mode. Substantial residual currents observed during electrolysis were found to be a result of NaCl back diffusion from the outer side of the membrane due to insufficient permselectivity of the Nafion membrane. It was demonstrated that the residual current can be significantly reduced by adjusting the concentration of the outer solution. On the basis of ion chromatography results, it was found that the designed cell used in flow injection electrolysis mode reduced the NaCl concentration from 0.6 M to 3 mM. This attempt is very important in view of nutrient analysis in seawater where NaCl is a major interfering agent. We demonstrate that the pretreatment of artificial seawater samples does not reduce the content of nitrite or nitrate ions upon electrolysis. A simple diffusion/extraction steady state model is proposed for the optimization of the electrolysis cell characteristics.

Details

Title: Coulometric Sodium Chloride Removal System with Nafion Membrane for Seawater Sample Treatment
Authors: E Grygolowicz-Pawlak (Author) - University of Geneva, Switzerland
Manzar Sohail (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering
M Pawlak (Author) - University of Geneva, Switzerland
B Neel (Author) - University of Geneva, Switzerland
A Shvarev (Author) - University of Geneva, Switzerland
Roland De Marco (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering
Eric Bakker (Author) - University of Geneva, Switzerland
Publication details: Analytical Chemistry, Vol.84(14), p.6158–6165
Publisher: American Chemical Society
Date published: 2012
DOI: 10.1021/ac301096r
ISSN: 0003-2700
Organisation Unit: School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Office of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research and Innovation)
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99450381502621
Output Type: Journal article

Metrics

10 File views/ downloads

462 Record Views

37 Times Cited - Web of Science

InCites Highlights

These are selected metrics from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool, related to this output

Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Chemistry, Analytical