Cortical network models of firing rates in the resting and active states predict bold responses

Maxwell Bennett; L Farnell; W G Gibson; Jim Lagopoulos

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144796

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Cortical network models of firing rates in the resting and active states predict bold responses

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Cortical network models of firing rates in the resting and active states predict bold responses

Maxwell Bennett, L Farnell, W G Gibson and Jim Lagopoulos

PLoS One, Vol.10(12), e0144796

2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144796

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Abstract

Measurements of blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signals have produced some surprising observations. One is that their amplitude is proportional to the entire activity in a region of interest and not just the fluctuations in this activity. Another is that during sleep and anesthesia the average BOLD correlations between regions of interest decline as the activity declines. Mechanistic explanations of these phenomena are described here using a cortical network model consisting of modules with excitatory and inhibitory neurons, taken as regions of cortical interest, each receiving excitatory inputs from outside the network, taken as subcortical driving inputs in addition to extrinsic (intermodular) connections, such as provided by associational fibers. The model shows that the standard deviation of the firing rate is proportional to the mean frequency of the firing when the extrinsic connections are decreased, so that the mean BOLD signal is proportional to both as is observed experimentally. The model also shows that if these extrinsic connections are decreased or the frequency of firing reaching the network from the subcortical driving inputs is decreased, or both decline, there is a decrease in the mean firing rate in the modules accompanied by decreases in the mean BOLD correlations between the modules, consistent with the observed changes during NREM sleep and under anesthesia. Finally, the model explains why a transient increase in the BOLD signal in a cortical area, due to a transient subcortical input, gives rises to responses throughout the cortex as observed, with these responses mediated by the extrinsic (intermodular) connections. © 2015 Bennett et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Details

Title: Cortical network models of firing rates in the resting and active states predict bold responses
Authors: Maxwell Bennett (Author) - University of Sydney
L Farnell (Author) - University of Sydney
W G Gibson (Author) - University of Sydney
Jim Lagopoulos (Author) - University of Sydney
Publication details: PLoS One, Vol.10(12), e0144796
Publisher: Public Library of Science
Date published: 2015
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144796
ISSN: 1932-6203
Copyright note: Copyright © 2015 Bennett et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Thompson Institute
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99449379802621
Output Type: Journal article

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