Control strategies to prevent total hip replacement-related infections: A systematic review and mixed treatment comparison

H Zheng; A G Barnett; Katharina Merollini; A Sutton; N Cooper; T Berendt; J Wilson; N Graves

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003978

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Control strategies to prevent total hip replacement-related infections: A systematic review and mixed treatment comparison

Journal article

Open access

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Control strategies to prevent total hip replacement-related infections: A systematic review and mixed treatment comparison

H Zheng, A G Barnett, Katharina Merollini, A Sutton, N Cooper, T Berendt, J Wilson and N Graves

BMJ Open, Vol.4(3), e003978

2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003978

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Abstract

Objective: To synthesise the available evidence and estimate the comparative efficacy of control strategies to prevent total hip replacement (THR)-related surgical site infections (SSIs) using a mixed treatment comparison. Design: Systematic review and mixed treatment comparison. Setting: Hospital and other healthcare settings. Participants: Patients undergoing THR. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The number of THR-related SSIs occurring following the surgical operation. Results: 12 studies involving 123 788 THRs and 9 infection control strategies were identified. The strategy of 'systemic antibiotics+antibiotic-impregnated cement+conventional ventilation' significantly reduced the risk of THR-related SSI compared with the referent strategy (no systemic antibiotics+plain cement+conventional ventilation), OR 0.13 (95% credible interval (CrI) 0.03-0.35), and had the highest probability (47-64%) and highest median rank of being the most effective strategy. There was some evidence to suggest that 'systemic antibiotics+antibiotic-impregnated cement+laminar airflow' could potentially increase infection risk compared with 'systemic antibiotics+antibiotic-impregnated cement+conventional ventilation', 1.96 (95% CrI 0.52-5.37). There was no high-quality evidence that antibiotic-impregnated cement without systemic antibiotic prophylaxis was effective in reducing infection compared with plain cement with systemic antibiotics, 1.28 (95% CrI 0.38-3.38). Conclusions: We found no convincing evidence in favour of the use of laminar airflow over conventional ventilation for prevention of THR-related SSIs, yet laminar airflow is costly and widely used. Antibiotic-impregnated cement without systemic antibiotics may not be effective in reducing THR-related SSIs. The combination with the highest confidence for reducing SSIs was 'systemic antibiotics+antibiotic-impregnated cement+conventional ventilation'. Our evidence synthesis underscores the need to review current guidelines based on the available evidence, and to conduct further high-quality double-blind randomised controlled trials to better inform the current clinical guidelines and practice for prevention of THR-related SSIs.

Details

Title: Control strategies to prevent total hip replacement-related infections: A systematic review and mixed treatment comparison
Authors: H Zheng (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
A G Barnett (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
Katharina Merollini (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
A Sutton (Author) - University of Leicester, United Kingdom
N Cooper (Author) - University of Leicester, United Kingdom
T Berendt (Author) - Oxford University Hospitals, United Kingdom
J Wilson (Author) - University of Western London, United Kingdom
N Graves (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
Publication details: BMJ Open, Vol.4(3), e003978; 11
Publisher: B M J Group
Date published: 2014
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003978
ISSN: 2044-6055
Copyright note: Copyright © 2014 The authors. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work noncommercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health and Sport Sciences - Legacy; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy; School of Health - Public Health
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99450449502621
Output Type: Journal article

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