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Consensus guidelines for sarcopenia prevention, diagnosis and management in Australia and New Zealand
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Consensus guidelines for sarcopenia prevention, diagnosis and management in Australia and New Zealand

Jesse Zanker, Marc Sim, Kate Anderson, Saliu Balogun, Sharon Lee Brennan-Olsen, Elsa Dent, Gustavo Duque, Christian M Girgis, Mathis Grossmann, Alan Hayes, …
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, Vol.14(1), pp.142-156
2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13115
PMCID: PMC9891980
PMID: 36349684
Appears in  UniSC Diversity and Inclusion Research Collection
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Abstract

Aged Mass screening Geriatric assessment Sarcopenia UniSC Diversity Area - Life Stages
Background: Sarcopenia is an age associated skeletal muscle condition characterized by low muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. There is no international consensus on a sarcopenia definition and no contemporaneous clinical and research guidelines specific to Australia and New Zealand. The Australian and New Zealand Society for Sarcopenia and Frailty Research (ANZSSFR) Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Management Task Force aimed to develop consensus guidelines for sarcopenia prevention, assessment, management and research, informed by evidence, consumer opinion, and expert consensus, for use by health professionals and researchers in Australia and New Zealand. Methods: A four phase modified Delphi process involving topic experts and informed by consumers, was undertaken between July 2020 and August 2021. Phase 1 involved a structured meeting of 29 Task Force members and a systematic literature search from which the Phase 2 online survey was developed (Qualtrics). Topic experts responded to 18 statements, using 11 point Likert scales with agreement threshold set a priori at >80%, and five multiple choice questions. Statements with moderate agreement (70%-80%) were revised and reintroduced in Phase 3, and statements with low agreement (<70%) were rejected. In Phase 3, topic experts responded to six revised statements and three additional questions, incorporating results from a parallel Consumer Expert Delphi study. Phase 4 involved finalization of consensus statements. Results: Topic experts from Australia (n = 62, 92.5%) and New Zealand (n = 5, 7.5%) with a mean ± SD age of 45.7 ± 11.8 years participated in Phase 2; 38 (56.7%) were women, 38 (56.7%) were health professionals and 27 (40.3%) were researchers/academics. In Phase 2, 15 of 18 (83.3%) statements on sarcopenia prevention, screening, assessment, management and future research were accepted with strong agreement. The strongest agreement related to encouraging a healthy lifestyle (100%) and offering tailored resistance training to people with sarcopenia (92.5%). Forty seven experts participated in Phase 3; 5/6 (83.3%) revised statements on prevention, assessment and management were accepted with strong agreement. A majority of experts (87.9%) preferred the revised European Working Group for Sarcopenia in Older Persons (EWGSOP2) definition. Seventeen statements with strong agreement (>80%) were confirmed by the Task Force in Phase 4. Conclusions: The ANZSSFR Task Force present 17 sarcopenia management and research recommendations for use by health professionals and researchers which includes the recommendation to adopt the EWGSOP2 sarcopenia definition in Australia and New Zealand. This rigorous Delphi process that combined evidence, consumer expert opinion and topic expert consensus can inform similar initiatives in countries/regions lacking consensus on sarcopenia.

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