Chronotype and subjective sleep quality predict white matter integrity in young people with emerging mental disorders

Jacob J Crouse; Shin Ho Park; Daniel F Hermens; Jim Lagopoulos; Minji Park; Mirim Shin; Joanne S Carpenter; Elizabeth M Scott; Ian B Hickie

doi:10.1111/ejn.16351

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Chronotype and subjective sleep quality predict white matter integrity in young people with emerging mental disorders

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Chronotype and subjective sleep quality predict white matter integrity in young people with emerging mental disorders

Jacob J Crouse, Shin Ho Park, Daniel F Hermens, Jim Lagopoulos, Minji Park, Mirim Shin, Joanne S Carpenter, Elizabeth M Scott and Ian B Hickie

European Journal of Neuroscience, Vol.59(12), pp.3322-3336

2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.16351

PMID: 38650167

Appears in Thompson Institute Research Collection

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Abstract

youth mental health

bipolar disorder

endophenotype

prediction

depression

imaging

Thompson Institute Special Collection

Other Collaborations

UniSC Diversity Area - Disability and Inclusion

UniSC Diversity Area - Life Stages

Protecting brain health is a goal of early intervention. We explored whether sleep quality or chronotype could predict white matter (WM) integrity in emerging mental disorders. Young people (N = 364) accessing early-intervention clinics underwent assessments for chronotype, subjective sleep quality, and diffusion tensor imaging. Using machine learning, we examined whether chronotype or sleep quality (alongside diagnostic and demographic factors) could predict four measures of WM integrity: fractional anisotropy (FA), and radial, axial, and mean diffusivities (RD, AD and MD). We prioritised tracts that showed a univariate association with sleep quality or chronotype and considered predictors identified by ≥80% of machine learning (ML) models as 'important'. The most important predictors of WM integrity were demographics (age, sex and education) and diagnosis (depressive and bipolar disorders). Subjective sleep quality only predicted FA in the perihippocampal cingulum tract, whereas chronotype had limited predictive importance for WM integrity. To further examine links with mood disorders, we conducted a subgroup analysis. In youth with depressive and bipolar disorders, chronotype emerged as an important (often top-ranking) feature, predicting FA in the cingulum (cingulate gyrus), AD in the anterior corona radiata and genu of the corpus callosum, and RD in the corona radiata, anterior corona radiata, and genu of corpus callosum. Subjective quality was not important in this subgroup analysis. In summary, chronotype predicted altered WM integrity in the corona radiata and corpus callosum, whereas subjective sleep quality had a less significant role, suggesting that circadian factors may play a more prominent role in WM integrity in emerging mood disorders.

Details

Title: Chronotype and subjective sleep quality predict white matter integrity in young people with emerging mental disorders
Authors: Jacob J Crouse (Corresponding Author) - The University of Sydney
Shin Ho Park - The University of Sydney
Daniel F Hermens - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Thompson Institute
Jim Lagopoulos (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Thompson Institute
Minji Park - The University of Sydney
Mirim Shin - The University of Sydney
Joanne S Carpenter - The University of Sydney
Elizabeth M Scott - The University of Sydney
Ian B Hickie - The University of Sydney
Publication details: European Journal of Neuroscience, Vol.59(12), pp.3322-3336
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Date published: 2024
DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16351
ISSN: 1460-9568; 0953-816X
PMID: 38650167
Copyright note: © 2024 The Authors. European Journal of Neuroscience published by Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Data Availability: The clinical/neuroimaging data cannot be made openly available according to the ethical permission at the time of the study. However, the data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request and with permission of the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of Sydney.
Grants: Optimising early interventions for young people with emerging mood disorder, 1061043, National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia, Canberra) - NHMRC
Organisation Unit: Thompson Institute
Language: English
Record Identifier: 991016154302621
Output Type: Journal article

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