Chlamydia pneumoniae is genetically diverse in animals and appears to have crossed the host barrier to humans on (at least) two occasions

C M Mitchell; S Hutton; G S A Myers; R Brunham; Peter Timms

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000903

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Chlamydia pneumoniae is genetically diverse in animals and appears to have crossed the host barrier to humans on (at least) two occasions

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Chlamydia pneumoniae is genetically diverse in animals and appears to have crossed the host barrier to humans on (at least) two occasions

C M Mitchell, S Hutton, G S A Myers, R Brunham and Peter Timms

PLoS Pathogens, Vol.6(5), e1000903

2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000903

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Abstract

Chlamydia pneumoniae

cross species transfer

Chlamydia pneumoniae is a common human and animal pathogen associated with a wide range of diseases. Since the first isolation of C. pneumoniae TWAR in 1965, all human isolates have been essentially clonal, providing little evolutionary insight. To address this gap, we investigated the genetic diversity of 30 isolates from diverse geographical locations, from both human and animal origin (amphibian, reptilian, equine and marsupial). Based on the level of variation that we observed at 23 discreet gene loci, it was clearly evident that the animal isolates were more diverse than the isolates of human origin. Furthermore, we show that C. pneumoniae isolates could be grouped into five major genotypes, A-E, with A, B, D and E genotypes linked by geographical location, whereas genotype C was found across multiple continents. Our evidence strongly supports two separate animal-to-human cross species transfer events in the evolutionary history of this pathogen. The C. pneumoniae human genotype identified in the USA, Canada, Taiwan, Iran, Japan, Korea and Australia (non-Indigenous) most likely originated from a single amphibian or reptilian lineage, which appears to have been previously geographically widespread. We identified a separate human lineage present in two Australian Indigenous isolates (independent geographical locations). This lineage is distinct and is present in Australian amphibians as well as a range of Australian marsupials.

Details

Title: Chlamydia pneumoniae is genetically diverse in animals and appears to have crossed the host barrier to humans on (at least) two occasions
Authors: C M Mitchell (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
S Hutton (Author) - Menzies School of Health Research
G S A Myers (Author) - University of Maryland, United States
R Brunham (Author) - University of British Columbia, Canada
Peter Timms (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
Publication details: PLoS Pathogens, Vol.6(5), e1000903; 11
Publisher: Public Library of Science
Date published: 2010
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000903
ISSN: 1553-7374
Copyright note: Copyright © 2010 Mitchell et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Centre for Bioinnovation
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99448727002621
Output Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology

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