Files and links (2)
Capturing Complex Vaccine-Immune-Disease Relationships for Free-Ranging Koalas - Higher Chlamydial Loads Are Associated With Less IL17 Expression and More Chlamydial Disease764.46 kB
Published VersionCC BY V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Capturing Complex Vaccine-Immune-Disease Relationships for Free-Ranging Koalas: Higher Chlamydial Loads Are Associated With Less IL17 Expression and More Chlamydial Disease
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol.7, pp.1-12
2020
Abstract
Background: Chlamydial disease is a major factor negatively affecting koala populations. Vaccination is a promising management option that would result in immune-mediated protection against disease. Measuring and assessing vaccine efficacy can be challenging owing to both direct and indirect interactions caused by vaccination. In this study, we investigate vaccine-immune-chlamydial load-disease relationships from MOMP (major outer membrane protein) vaccine trials to protect healthy free-ranging koalas against Chlamydia-related diseases.Methods: We created a priori hypotheses based on data sources and perceived direct and indirect interactions from koalas vaccinated 6 months prior. Each hypothesis was tested as a structural equation model separately for either the urogenital or the ocular site to evaluate possible causality among measured variables. Model averaging was used as multiple models fit the data, and the strength of relationships was examined through averaged coefficients and the raw data.Results: We found more relationships in urogenital models as compared to ocular models, particularly those with interleukin 17 (IL17) mRNA expression compared to models with interferon gamma (IFNγ) expression. In the averaged model with IL17, urogenital chlamydial load was positively associated with disease and negatively associated with IL17 expression. MOMP vaccination had a trending effect for reducing urogenital chlamydial load and also had a strong effect on increasing IL17 expression. Not surprisingly, urogenital chlamydial load was a positive predictor for the development of urogenital disease at 6 months post-vaccination.Conclusions: Despite multiple potential sources of variation owing to the koalas in this study being free-ranging, our analyses provide unique insights into the effects of vaccinating against Chlamydia. Using structural equation modeling, this study has helped illuminate that the expression of the immune cytokine IL17 is linked to MOMP vaccination, and animals with a high urogenital chlamydial load expressed less IL17 and were more likely to develop disease, enhancing previous investigations. Going beyond univariate statistics, the methods used in this study can be applied to other preclinical vaccination experiments to identify important direct and indirect factors underpinning the effects of a vaccine.
Details
- Title
- Capturing Complex Vaccine-Immune-Disease Relationships for Free-Ranging Koalas: Higher Chlamydial Loads Are Associated With Less IL17 Expression and More Chlamydial Disease
- Authors
- David Lizárraga (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, GeneCology Research Centre - LegacyPeter Timms (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, GeneCology Research Centre - LegacyBonnie L. Quigley (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, GeneCology Research Centre - LegacyJon Hanger (Author) - Endeavour Veterinary Ecology Pty LtdScott Carver (Author) - University of Tasmania
- Publication details
- Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol.7, pp.1-12
- Publisher
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Date published
- 2020
- DOI
- 10.3389/fvets.2020.530686
- ISSN
- 2297-1769
- Copyright note
- Copyright © 2020 Lizárraga, Timms, Quigley, Hanger and Carver. This is an openaccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
- Organisation Unit
- School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Thompson Institute; Centre for Bioinnovation
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99482294002621
- Output Type
- Journal article
Metrics
14 File views/ downloads
73 Record Views
InCites Highlights
These are selected metrics from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool, related to this output
- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web Of Science research areas
- Veterinary Sciences
UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
This output has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:
Source: InCites